Cattle Ranching, Land Use And Deforestation: Comparative Analysis of Brazil, Ecuador and Peru

Why ranching is important

Land clearing for pastures is a main cause of deforestation

Why ranching is important Land clearing for pastures is a main cause of deforestation Poor management main cause of the expansion of pastures (further deforestation)

Why ranching is important Land clearing for pastures is a main cause of deforestation Poor management main cause of the expansion of pastures (further deforestation) “Pecuarizacao” in Brazil

Why ranching is important Land clearing for pastures is a main cause of deforestation Poor management main cause of the expansion of pastures (further deforestation) “Pecuarizacao” in Brazil Not observed in Peru and Ecuador

Why ranching is important Land clearing for pastures is a main cause of deforestation Poor management main cause of the expansion of pastures (further deforestation) “Pecuarizacao” in Brazil Not observed in Peru and Ecuador Promise of comparative study

Conceptual Framework

Cattle

Yes No

Cattle Yes No Pasture

Cattle Yes No PastureMgt Yes No

Cattle Yes No PastureMgt Yes No Def.

Cattle Yes No PastureMgt Yes No Def. Other Activities

Cattle Yes No PastureMgt Yes No Def. Other Activities Decision 1

Cattle Yes No PastureMgt Yes No Def. Other Activities Family subsist. market Firms Decision 1

Cattle Yes No PastureMgt Yes No Def. Other Activities Family subsist. market Firms Decision 1 Local/Regional Context

Cattle Yes No PastureMgt Yes No Def. Other Activities Family subsist. market Firms Decision 1 Local/Regional Context National Context

Cattle Yes No PastureMgt Yes No Def. Other Activities Family subsist. market Firms Decision 1 Local/Regional Context National Context Global Context

Cattle Yes No PastureMgt Yes No Def. Other Activities Family subsist. market Firms Decision 1 Local/Regional Context National Context Global Context Scale

Marketing Chains

Defined

ProducerConsumer

ProducerConsumer

Marketing Chains Defined

Marketing Chains Defined Why important?

Marketing Chains Defined Why important? –Buyers set the price

Marketing Chains Defined Why important? –Buyers set the price –Buyers set the terms (quality, quantity, frequency)

Marketing Chains Defined Why important? –Buyers set the price –Buyers set the terms (quality, quantity, frequency) Price & terms influence 3 critical decisions

Marketing Chains Defined Why important? –Buyers set the price –Buyers set the terms (quality, quantity, frequency) Price & terms influence 3 critical decisions Altering the marketing chain can alter rate of deforestation

CostsBenefits Opportunities Constraints

ProducerConsumer Marketing Chain

ProducerConsumer Marketing Chain Local/Regional Context National Context Global Context

Significant Variants

In the relative power of different actors

ProducerConsumer Marketing Chain ProducerConsumer

ProducerConsumer Marketing Chain ProducerConsumer ProducerConsumer

Significant Variants In the relative power of different actors

Significant Variants In the relative power of different actors Presence of multiple marketing chains

Consumer Producer Consumer

Significant Variants In the relative power of different actors Presence of multiple marketing chains Networks between links in multiple chains

Consumer Producer Consumer

Summary Comparative analysis: Brazil, Peru, Ecuador

Summary Comparative analysis: Brazil, Peru, Ecuador Factors that promote:

Summary Comparative analysis: Brazil, Peru, Ecuador Factors that promote: –investment in cattle (decision 1)

Summary Comparative analysis: Brazil, Peru, Ecuador Factors that promote: –investment in cattle (decision 1) –pasture management (decision 2)

Summary Comparative analysis: Brazil, Peru, Ecuador Factors that promote: –investment in cattle (decision 1) –pasture management (decision 2) –deforestation (decision 3)

Summary Comparative analysis: Brazil, Peru, Ecuador Factors that promote: –investment in cattle (decision 1) –pasture management (decision 2) –deforestation (decision 3) Influence of marketing chains

Summary Comparative analysis: Brazil, Peru, Ecuador Factors that promote: –investment in cattle (decision 1) –pasture management (decision 2) –deforestation (decision 3) Influence of marketing chains Targeting public policy to mutable points