Biology EOC Review Questions

QUESTION SET 1

Question #1 carbohydrates lipids nucleic acids proteins Fats are classified as which of the following biological organic compounds? carbohydrates lipids nucleic acids proteins

Question #1 carbohydrates lipids nucleic acids proteins Fats are classified as which of the following biological organic compounds? carbohydrates lipids nucleic acids proteins

Question #2 cell wall mitochondrion plasma membrane vacuole Some organelles have their own DNA that is distinct from the cell’s nuclear DNA. This is true of which organelle? cell wall mitochondrion plasma membrane vacuole

Question #2 cell wall mitochondrion plasma membrane vacuole Some organelles have their own DNA that is distinct from the cell’s nuclear DNA. This is true of which organelle? cell wall mitochondrion plasma membrane vacuole

Question #3 carbohydrates lipids nucleic acids proteins Enzymes are classified as which of the following biological organic compounds? carbohydrates lipids nucleic acids proteins

Question #3 carbohydrates lipids nucleic acids proteins Enzymes are classified as which of the following biological organic compounds? carbohydrates lipids nucleic acids proteins

Question #4 egg embryo pollen zygote ______in plants is most similar to a sex cell in humans? egg embryo pollen zygote

Question #4 egg embryo pollen zygote _____in plants is most similar to a sex cell in humans? egg embryo pollen zygote

Question #5 to maintain constant internal environment at a pH of 10 Why do cells need buffering agents (buffers)? to maintain constant internal environment at a pH of 10 to minimize the changes in pH of the internal environment to function properly in an extremely basic internal environment to function properly in an extremely acid internal environment

Question #5 to maintain constant internal environment at a pH of 10 Why do cells need buffering agents (buffers)? to maintain constant internal environment at a pH of 10 to minimize the changes in pH of the internal environment to function properly in an extremely basic internal environment to function properly in an extremely acid internal environment

Question #6 Water left the grape cells by osmosis. Placing a grape in a concentrated syrup solution will cause it to shrivel. Which statement best describes what is occurring? Water left the grape cells by osmosis. Water entered the cells of the grape by osmosis. Osmosis caused sugars to enter the grape cells. Sugars in the grape caused water to leave the cells.

Question #6 Water left the grape cells by osmosis. Placing a grape in a concentrated syrup solution will cause it to shrivel. Which statement best describes what is occurring? Water left the grape cells by osmosis. Water entered the cells of the grape by osmosis. Osmosis caused sugars to enter the grape cells. Sugars in the grape caused water to leave the cells.

Question #7 diffusion facilitated diffusion osmosis active transport Which cell process will move substances along a concentration gradient, with the help of a carrier protein? diffusion facilitated diffusion osmosis active transport

Question #7 diffusion facilitated diffusion osmosis active transport Which cell process will move substances along a concentration gradient, with the help of a carrier protein? diffusion facilitated diffusion osmosis active transport

Question #8 enzyme fatty acid lipid starch Amylase is found in human saliva and breaks down starch into sugar, beginning the process of digestion. Which term best describes amylase? enzyme fatty acid lipid starch

Question #8 enzyme fatty acid lipid starch Amylase is found in human saliva and breaks down starch into sugar, beginning the process of digestion. Which term best describes amylase? enzyme fatty acid lipid starch

Question #9 aerobic respiration anaerobic respiration chemosynthesis The bacteria that cause tetanus can survive inside a puncture wound that has healed on the outer surface of the skin. Through what process do these bacteria acquire the energy they need to survive? aerobic respiration anaerobic respiration chemosynthesis photosynthesis

Question #9 aerobic respiration anaerobic respiration chemosynthesis The bacteria that cause tetanus can survive inside a puncture wound that has healed on the outer surface of the skin. Through what process do these bacteria acquire the energy they need to survive? aerobic respiration anaerobic respiration chemosynthesis photosynthesis

Question #10 anaerobic respiration aerobic respiration fermentation Which of the following occurs in humans, when oxygen is present? anaerobic respiration aerobic respiration fermentation photosynthesis

Question #10 anaerobic respiration aerobic respiration fermentation Which of the following occurs in humans, when oxygen is present? anaerobic respiration aerobic respiration fermentation photosynthesis

Question #11 Only aerobic respiration involves fermentation. Which statement best distinguishes aerobic from anaerobic respiration? Only aerobic respiration involves fermentation. Only anaerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria. Only aerobic respiration requires oxygen. Only anaerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide.

Question #11 Only aerobic respiration involves fermentation. Which statement best distinguishes aerobic from anaerobic respiration? Only aerobic respiration involves fermentation. Only anaerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria. Only aerobic respiration requires oxygen. Only anaerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide.

Question #12 Which most accurately describes the difference in ATP production between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration? Aerobic respiration produces more ATP than anaerobic respiration. Anaerobic respiration produces more ATP than aerobic respiration. Only anaerobic respiration produces measureable amounts of ATP. Anaerobic and aerobic respiration produce the same amount of ATP.

Question #12 Which most accurately describes the difference in ATP production between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration? Aerobic respiration produces more ATP than anaerobic respiration. Anaerobic respiration produces more ATP than aerobic respiration. Only anaerobic respiration produces measureable amounts of ATP. Anaerobic and aerobic respiration produce the same amount of ATP.

QUESTION SET 2

A segment of a DNA strand has the following bases: TAC GAT Question #1 A segment of a DNA strand has the following bases: TAC GAT What is the complementary strand of RNA? UAG CAU TAG CAT ATG CTA AUG CUA

A segment of a DNA strand has the following bases: TAC GAT Question #1 A segment of a DNA strand has the following bases: TAC GAT What is the complementary strand of RNA? UAG CAU TAG CAT ATG CTA AUG CUA

Question #2 book: publisher truck: factory key: lock baker: pie Which relationship is most similar to the relationship below? DNA:mRNA book: publisher truck: factory key: lock baker: pie

Question #2 book: publisher truck: factory key: lock baker: pie Which relationship is most similar to the relationship below? DNA:mRNA book: publisher truck: factory key: lock baker: pie

Question #3 replication nondisjunction transcription translation In order for a protein to be produced, which is the final step necessary? replication nondisjunction transcription translation

Question #3 replication nondisjunction transcription translation In order for a protein to be produced, which is the final step necessary? replication nondisjunction transcription translation

Question #4 meiosis budding genetic stability genetic variation Asexual reproduction provides for what to occur? meiosis budding genetic stability genetic variation

Question #4 meiosis budding genetic stability genetic variation Asexual reproduction provides for what to occur? meiosis budding genetic stability genetic variation

Question #5 genetic variation beneficial environmental adaptations Which of the following could likely threaten the survival of a species? genetic variation beneficial environmental adaptations a drastic change in the environment changes in the gene pool due to random mating

Question #5 genetic variation beneficial environmental adaptations Which of the following could likely threaten the survival of a species? genetic variation beneficial environmental adaptations a drastic change in the environment changes in the gene pool due to random mating

Question #6 mitosis meiosis spermatogenesis oogenesis Which term best describes the type of cell division in which parent cells produce daughter cells with the haploid number of chromosomes as the parent cells? mitosis meiosis spermatogenesis oogenesis

Question #6 mitosis meiosis spermatogenesis oogenesis Which term best describes the type of cell division in which parent cells produce daughter cells with the haploid number of chromosomes as the parent cells? mitosis meiosis spermatogenesis oogenesis

Question #7 cytoplasmic division environmental changes mutation What is the primary cause of variation in the offspring of sexually reproducing organisms? cytoplasmic division environmental changes mutation recombination of alleles

Question #7 cytoplasmic division environmental changes mutation What is the primary cause of variation in the offspring of sexually reproducing organisms? cytoplasmic division environmental changes mutation recombination of alleles

Question #8 meiosis budding mitosis regeneration Which of the following results in “crossing-over”? meiosis budding mitosis regeneration

Question #8 meiosis budding mitosis regeneration Which of the following results in “crossing-over”? meiosis budding mitosis regeneration

Question #9 BBxbb Bbxbb BBxBb BbxBb Several matings between the same male white rat and female brown rat produce all white rats. If white is dominant and brown is recessive, what are the genotypes of the parents? BBxbb Bbxbb BBxBb BbxBb

Question #9 BBxbb Bbxbb BBxBb BbxBb Several matings between the same male white rat and female brown rat produce all white rats. If white is dominant and brown is recessive, what are the genotypes of the parents? BBxbb Bbxbb BBxBb BbxBb

Question #10 Most sex-linked, recessive traits- including hemophilia and color blindness-appear in males. This phenomenon is best explained by which statement? Males have an X chromosome with dominant genes. Most of the genes on the X and Y chromosomes of males are recessive. In males, the recessive sex-linked genes appear only on the Y chromosome. In males, the Y chromosome lacks the genes needed to mask the recessive genes on the X chromosome.

Question #10 Most sex-linked, recessive traits- including hemophilia and color blindness-appear in males. This phenomenon is best explained by which statement? Males have an X chromosome with dominant genes. Most of the genes on the X and Y chromosomes of males are recessive. In males, the recessive sex-linked genes appear only on the Y chromosome. In males, the Y chromosome lacks the genes needed to mask the recessive genes on the X chromosome.

Question #11 Tay-Sachs is a recessive trait. What are the chances that a child will develop Tay-Sachs disease if one parent is homozygous dominant and the other has the disease? 0 out of 4 1 out of 4 2 out of 4 3 out of 4

Question #11 Tay-Sachs is a recessive trait. What are the chances that a child will develop Tay-Sachs disease if one parent is homozygous dominant and the other has the disease? 0 out of 4 1 out of 4 2 out of 4 3 out of 4

Question #12 0 red : 4 red and white: 0 white Some flowers show codominance. If WW = white and RR = red, which phenotypic ratio would be expected in the offspring of two red and white flowers? 1red : 2 red and white: 1 white 0 red : 4 red and white: 0 white 3 red : 0 red and white: 1 white 4 red : 0 red and white: 0 white

Question #12 0 red : 4 red and white: 0 white Some flowers show codominance. If WW = white and RR = red, which phenotypic ratio would be expected in the offspring of two red and white flowers? 1red : 2 red and white: 1 white 0 red : 4 red and white: 0 white 3 red : 0 red and white: 1 white 4 red : 0 red and white: 0 white

Question #13 B and O AB and AB AB and O A and B John and Mary have six children, three with A blood type, two with AB blood type and one with O blood type. What blood types could John and Mary have? A and O B and O AB and AB AB and O A and B

Question #13 B and O AB and AB AB and O A and B John and Mary have six children, three with A blood type, two with AB blood type and one with O blood type. What blood types could John and Mary have? A and O B and O AB and AB AB and O A and B

Question #14 A karyotype of a male would show his 23rd pair as: XO XXX XY XYY

Question #14 A karyotype of a male would show his 23rd pair as: XO XXX XY XYY

Question #15 It swam in the ocean. It likely walked on land. A paleontologist is studying the remnants of a pelvic bone in a whale ancestor. What does this structure likely indicate about the organism? It was not related to the whale. It swam in the ocean. It likely walked on land. That whales can adapt to land.

Question #15 It swam in the ocean. It likely walked on land. A paleontologist is studying the remnants of a pelvic bone in a whale ancestor. What does this structure likely indicate about the organism? It was not related to the whale. It swam in the ocean. It likely walked on land. That whales can adapt to land.

Question #16 Resources become limited over long periods of time. Variation within species was important to the development of Darwin’s theory of evolution. Which statement does individual variation help explain? Resources become limited over long periods of time. Populations often increase rapidly and without warning. Competition is fierce among members of different species. Some organisms survive and reproduce better than others.

Question #16 Resources become limited over long periods of time. Variation within species was important to the development of Darwin’s theory of evolution. Which statement does individual variation help explain? Resources become limited over long periods of time. Populations often increase rapidly and without warning. Competition is fierce among members of different species. Some organisms survive and reproduce better than others.

Question #17 growth of moss on a previously active volcano. Which of the following best describes secondary succession? growth of moss on a previously active volcano. plants sprouting on areas that did not have soil or life before. new life developing on the ocean floor surface. shrubs beginning to appear in an area that had experienced a forest fire.

Question #17 growth of moss on a previously active volcano. Which of the following best describes secondary succession? growth of moss on a previously active volcano. plants sprouting on areas that did not have soil or life before. new life developing on the ocean floor surface. shrubs beginning to appear in an area that had experienced a forest fire.

Question #18 similarities in DNA sequences Which could be considered anatomical evidence of an evolutionary relationship? similarities in DNA sequences location of fossils in different strata (rock layers) similarities between bone structures presence of identical proteins

Question #18 similarities in DNA sequences Which could be considered anatomical evidence of an evolutionary relationship? similarities in DNA sequences location of fossils in different strata (rock layers) similarities between bone structures presence of identical proteins

Question #19 similarity in behavior similarity in DNA Which is the best evidence of an evolutionary relationship between two organisms? similarity in behavior similarity in DNA similarity in habitat similarity in niche

Question #19 similarity in behavior similarity in DNA Which is the best evidence of an evolutionary relationship between two organisms? similarity in behavior similarity in DNA similarity in habitat similarity in niche

QUESTION SET 3

Question #1 Animal Fungi Archaebacteria Plant An organism is prokaryotic, unicellular and can survive in harsh environments. Which of the following is the most likely kingdom to which it belongs? Animal Fungi Archaebacteria Plant

Question #1 Animal Fungi Archaebacteria Plant An organism is prokaryotic, unicellular and can survive in harsh environments. Which of the following is the most likely kingdom to which it belongs? Animal Fungi Archaebacteria Plant

Question #2 commensalism mutualism parasitism predation A remora fish attached to the belly of a shark (but not feeding directly from the shark), as seen below, demonstrates which symbiotic relationship? commensalism mutualism parasitism predation

Question #2 commensalism mutualism parasitism predation A remora fish attached to the belly of a shark (but not feeding directly from the shark), as seen below, demonstrates which symbiotic relationship? commensalism mutualism parasitism predation

Question #3 independent variables dependent variables limiting factors An experiment is done to test the effects of rising pH on an aquatic ecosystem. The experimenter uses two identical tanks with the same amount and temperature of the water. She only changes the pH by adding acid to one of the tanks. Using the same tanks, water and temperature are examples of: independent variables dependent variables limiting factors controls

Question #3 independent variables dependent variables limiting factors An experiment is done to test the effects of rising pH on an aquatic ecosystem. The experimenter uses two identical tanks with the same amount and temperature of the water. She only changes the pH by adding acid to one of the tanks. Using the same tanks, water and temperature are examples of: independent variables dependent variables limiting factors controls

Question #4 camouflage a reduced reproduction rate isolation Which of the following is a natural adaptation acquired by many different species in an attempt to increase their fitness? camouflage a reduced reproduction rate isolation all of the above

Question #4 camouflage a reduced reproduction rate isolation Which of the following is a natural adaptation acquired by many different species in an attempt to increase their fitness? camouflage a reduced reproduction rate isolation all of the above

Question #5 decreased birth rate and increased death rate Which situation would result in the greatest decrease in the human population? decreased birth rate and increased death rate increased infant mortality and decreased death rate decreased death rate and increased birth rate increased birth rate and increased infant mortality

Question #5 decreased birth rate and increased death rate Which situation would result in the greatest decrease in the human population? decreased birth rate and increased death rate increased infant mortality and decreased death rate decreased death rate and increased birth rate increased birth rate and increased infant mortality

Question #6 the ocean water sediments throughout the ocean In an ocean ecosystem, which is a biotic factor? the ocean water sediments throughout the ocean the flow of current the coral seen on the ocean floor

Question #6 the ocean water sediments throughout the ocean In an ocean ecosystem, which is a biotic factor? the ocean water sediments throughout the ocean the flow of current the coral seen on the ocean floor

Question #7 cellular respiration decomposition photosynthesis In the carbon cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is converted into organic material by which process? cellular respiration decomposition photosynthesis transpiration

Question #7 cellular respiration decomposition photosynthesis In the carbon cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is converted into organic material by which process? cellular respiration decomposition photosynthesis transpiration