1.E.4. Professional training and specialist knowledge Fact finding mission of Dipl. Ing. FH Gregor Hoffmann and Ing. Daniela Morgenbesser around municipality of Suva Reka – lk-projekt niederösterreich/wien GmbH

find solutions. achieve success. assure future. Page 2

find solutions. achieve success. assure future. Page 3 Current Situation – cabbage, cauliflower production  Good agricultural skills  Good handcraft  Semi mechanized  low tech Irrigation systems  Empiric plant feeding  Small amount of varieties  Small amount of pesticides  High pressure of „Cabbage White“ Butterfly (Pieris brassicae)  High pressure of Cabbage Whitefly (Aleyrodes proletella)  Low budget for investions

find solutions. achieve success. assure future. Page 4 Influencing factors – cabbage, cauliflower production  Broad band of stagged cabbage and and cauliflower varieties  Cultivation in beds  Seasonably and modern pest management  Fertigation due-cultivation time and development of plants  Recourse saving, irrigation systems (close to plant)  Unique qualities, healthy harvest = long lasting storage = constant access to market = no peaks = steady price

find solutions. achieve success. assure future. Page 5 Future options and suggestions cabbage and cauliflower production  Increase of varieties (seed sources)  IPM integrated pest management, empiric measurements of pest development  Mechanization of cabbage plantings  Mechanization of cabbage harvest, standardization of cabbage boxes for storage  Central storages for healthy cabbage, quality management

find solutions. achieve success. assure future. Page 6 Current Situation – tomato production  Good agricultural skills  Good handcraft  Short summer/autumn crop (6-9 Clusters of tomato)  Single tomato / no tomatoe on the vine  Low houses  Dense planting  No layer system  Hardly no coating/ shading  low tech Irrigation systems  Empiric plant feeding  Small amount of varieties  Small amount of pesticides  No beneficial Insects  Small budget for investions

find solutions. achieve success. assure future. Page 7 Influence factors – tomato production (covered)  Long lasting healthy crop  Low condensation during night / Fungus control  stem density/m²  steady ventilation  heat during summer  Irrigation close to the plant  Dripper systems, fertigation  IPM  Specialization on 1-2 crops  Year round tomato production  Steady consultancy – visits at the farm

find solutions. achieve success. assure future. Page 8 Future options and suggestions – tomato production (covered)  Specalisation on year round production  Demonstrations trials  Start of layer systems  Fertigation (fertiliser is transported with irrigation water) dosatron, etc.  Education of a fruit vegetable consultant  Steady visits of consultant  Monitoring of pest development (consultant)  IPM, suggestions what and when to spray fungicides and pesticides  Standardised cluster tomato production for Supermarkets  Beneficial insects

find solutions. achieve success. assure future. Page 9 Current Apple production  Strong growing root stock  Good handcraft, high motivation  Low fruit settings  No pillars and wire systems  No cultivation between rows  Big branches  Water branches  Individual pest management mechanisation  No standardised boxes  Individualism is very high  No labeling  No money for highly needed investments  Flooding instead of irrigation

find solutions. achieve success. assure future. Page 10 Influence factors – apple production  Balanced tree  Setting of blossom, fertilation  Varieties for pollen, wild apples  Fruit setting  Natural fruit fall and fruit pruiming  Breaking the Alternity  Irrigation  Clean row  Clean paths (cultivation)  IPM, integrated pest management  Scab control  Professional cutting in winter  Control of water branches in summer

find solutions. achieve success. assure future. Page 11 Future options and suggestions– apple production  Change to pillar and wire system  Cutting courses  Inter planting of wild seedlings for pollination  Cultivation of rows and paths / Herb control  Irrigation system in rows  Change of root stocks from seedling to M27, M9 / P9  Standardization of apple Marketing  Boxes for „Suva Reka Golden“, Suva Reka Brea burn, Suva Reka Jonagold, Suva Reka Granny….

find solutions. achieve success. assure future. Page 12 Current situation – grape (wine) production  Super handcraft  Best practice seen several times  Wide range of white and red varieties  Good pest and disease control  Lack of Pesticides  No labeling  No general marketing „Suva Reka Rush“  No more wine production  No skills of Raki and Wine production because of „privatization“ of cooperative  Wine production lost big amount of surface and still loses (highway)

find solutions. achieve success. assure future. Page 13 Future options / questions – grape (wine) production  Invention and start of a standardized „Grape of Suva Reka“ Brand (Sunshine of Suva Reka)  Distribution of „wine grapes“ to processing industry (wine makers)  Support of export of Suva Reka Rush  Support (technically and monetary) switch from wine grape to grape production  Irrigation, Dripper systems  IPM, cutting and cultivation curses  wine production (private)

find solutions. achieve success. assure future. Page 14 General impressions – rural vs. urban development  Suva Reka is a growing and prospering community  Enterprises will go for land  Highway will take land  Agricultural production is happening close to - or even in the city  Agriculture must widen its surface – increase of intensity, mechanization will need land  In normal when modernization takes place, the surface of agricultural land increases highly  Land shortens – price is expected to go up  Foundation of a land conserving, buying and dealing enterprise owned by farmers and municipality to ensure agricultural future

find solutions. achieve success. assure future. Page 15 General impressions – agricultural development and pollution  Training for field and crop hygiene  Increase of weed control in all crops  Weed competitor of water, space and nutrients  Host of diseases and pests  Cleaning of polluted fields  Collection of plastics (agricultural and non agricultural)  Recycling, waste control trough city  Pupil clean fields, stopping of trough away and forget