01/10/20101 Dutch Reformation: “ Calvinism” “From the Reformation to the Constitution” Bill Petro your friendly neighborhood historian billpetro.com/v7pc

01/10/20102 Formulation Augustine Pelagius Sacramentalization Rediscovery Calvin Arminius Re-evaluation

01/10/20103 Reformation Traditions Lutheran 1517 German-Swiss 1519 Swiss Brethren 1536 French-Swiss 1532 Lutheranism Episcopal Anabaptists Congregational Mennonites English Sep English Baptists } Reformed Presbyterian Scottish Presb Dutch Reformed Luther Melanchthon Calvin Beza Zwingli Bullinger Grebel Manz Simonsz

01/10/20104 Spread of Calvinism

01/10/20105 Objectives By the end of this session you should be able to: Trace the development of 17 th century “Calvinism” Differentiate Arminianism from “Calvinism” Contrast Augustine and Pelagius Discuss the meaning of T.U.L.I.P.

01/10/20106 Pendulum of History

01/10/20107 Theology: 16 th & 17 th centuries 16 th Catholicism Calvin Arminianism “Calvinism” 17 th

01/10/20108 Tightrope of Predestination Excessive curiosity in what God has not revealed Excessive timidity in teaching what He has revealed

01/10/20109 Calvin on Predestination Institutes, Chapter 21. Of the eternal election, by which God has predestinated some to salvation, and others to destruction. “All are not created on equal terms, but some are preordained to eternal life, others to eternal damnation” “God by his secret counsel chooses whom he will while he rejects others.”

01/10/ Three Concepts Justice –man gets what he deserves…condemnation Mercy –man doesn’t get what he deserves…rescue Grace –man gets what he doesn’t deserve…glory

01/10/ Calvin on Predestination “We maintain that this counsel, as regards the elect, is founded on His free mercy, without any respect to human worth, while those whom He dooms to destruction are excluded from access to life by a just and blameless -- but at the same time incomprehensible -- judgment.”

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01/10/ Soteriological Differences Salvation Man Roman Catholic Arminian Calvinism Cooperation: Church, God, Man Gracious Cooperation: God, Man Grace (Monergism): God Moral Ability Spiritual Ability Moral Inability Spiritual Inability

01/10/ Jacobus Arminius a.k.a. James Harmens Studied under Theodore Beza Dutch theologian Professor: Leiden University Differed with Calvin on: –Unconditional election –Irresistible grace –Perseverance –Predestination

01/10/ Augustine Church Father Hippo in Africa Pagan Milan Confessions Fall of Rome

01/10/ Pelagius British Monk Popular teacher in Rome Contradicted Augustine Denied Original Sin

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01/10/ Sin and Grace Controversy Augustine Salvation Totally & Causally of God Semi- Pelagianism (Cassian) 360–435 Salvation Originates in Man & Proceeds by Man & God Pelagius Salvation Totally & Causally of Man Semi- Augustinianism (Synod of Orange) 529 Salvation Originates in God & Proceeds by Man

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01/10/ Arminianism 1610:5 Remonstrances 1.God elects or reproves on the foreseen faith or unbelief. 2.Christ died for all men although only believers are saved. 3.The free will of man due to only partial depravity 4.This grace may be resisted. 5.Whether or not all who are truly regenerate will certainly persevere requires further investigation.

01/10/ Synod of Dordt Dordrecht, Netherlands: Established the “Canons of Dordt” Rejected the 5 Remonstrances Affirmed Reformed doctrine 5 Points of “Calvinism”: T.U.L.I.P. “Calvinism” vs. Calvin

01/10/ Canons of Dordt: 5 Points of “Calvinism” 1.God unconditionally elects, from the foundations of time, some unto salvation. 2.Christ’s Atonement was intended to be efficacious only for the elect. 3.Man is so depraved that divine grace is necessary and sufficient to bring man unto faith. 4.This grace can not be resisted. 5.All who are truly regenerate will certainly persevere.

01/10/ Arminianism vs. “Calvinism” Foreknowledge of faith Christ died for all, only some saved Free will - Partial depravity Resistible Grace Perseverance uncertain Unconditional election Efficient only for elect Grace required to bring man to faith Effective Grace Perseverance certain

01/10/ Man’s Ability Pre-Fall Man Able to sin Able to not sin Reborn Man Able to sin Able to not sin Glorified Man Able to not sin Unable to sin Post-Fall Man Able to sin Unable to not sin

01/10/ TULIP Total Depravityinability Unconditional Electionnot man’s Limited Atonementefficient Irresistible Gracesurely Perseverance of the Saintssecurity

01/10/ Word Summary Catholic ChurchMerit LutherJustification ZwingliSovereignty AnabaptistsBeliever’s Baptism CalvinOmnipotence ArminiusAbility “Calvinism”TULIP