Chapter 1 Leading a Healthy Lifestyle Lifetime Health Chapter 1 Leading a Healthy Lifestyle

Section 1 Health and Teens Health Today Health in the Past: Infectious Diseases 1800’s to early 1900’s leading causes of death in the U.S. were infectious diseases – diseases caused by pathogens, such as bacteria. Passed from one person to another. Examples of infectious diseases include: Polio Tuberculosis Pneumonia influenza Infectious diseases were a constant threat People of this time believed that being healthy was being free from disease.

Section 1 Health and Teens Health Today: Lifestyle Diseases Factors that helped to bring infectious diseases of the past under control are: Medical advances Better living conditions Focus on preventative medicine Today most health problems is the US are related to the way we live. Lifestyle diseases – diseases caused partly by unhealthy behaviors and partly by other factors. Diseases influenced by the choices you make that affect your health. Examples of diseases that can be influenced by lifestyle are some types of Diabetes Some types of heart diseases Some types of cancer

Health Risk Factors Risk Factor – anything that increases the likelihood of injury, disease, or other health problems. Example of Risk Factors for Hearth Disease are: History of heart disease in the family High fat diet Stress Being overweight Smoking Lack of exercise. Types of Risk factors: Controllable Risk Factors – risk factors that you can do something about. Controlled by your behavior. Examples of controllable risk factors of heart disease Physical activity Weight diet Uncontrollable Risk Factors – risk factors that can’t be changed. Examples of uncontrollable risk factors of heart disease Age Race Gender Heredity

Risk Factors and your Health You can protect your health by focusing on controllable risk factors which you can change through your behavior. What behaviors can you focus on at this point in your life? Before you can answer this question you should know the leading causes of death for people your age in the United States are: Motor vehicle accidents Homicide Suicide Other accidents These fours causes of death make up almost three-fuorths of all teen deaths Leading causes of death in the 19-65 years of age is cancer. Leading causes of death in the 65 and older age group is heart disease.

Six Health Risk Behaviors Six types of risk factors that cause the most serious health problems are: Sedentary Lifestyle – not taking part in physical activity on a regular basis is referred to as being sedentary. Those who have sedentary lifestyles raise the risk of certain diseases such as heart disease and diabetes. Alcohol and other drug use Causes liver disease Certain types of cancers Heart disease Brain damage Major factor in car accidents, physical fights, depression, suicide, and mental disorders. Factors in the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). These are diseases that are spread through sexual activity. Ex: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS), caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Six Health Risk Behaviors Sexual Activity – sexual activity outside of a committed relationship, such as marriage, puts people at risk for health problems. These health problems include HIV infection, other sexually transmitted diseases, and unplanned pregnancy. Behaviors that cause injuries – risk factor that can lead to homicide is carrying a weapon and not using a seat belt that can lead to death in a motor vehicle accident. Tobacco Use – smoking is the single leading preventable cause of death in the United States. Smoking is a controllable risk factor for heart disease, cancer, and respiratory disease. These are three of the leading causes of death for all age groups. Poor Eating Habits – your eating habits can either increase or lower your chances of developing many diseases. Eating at least five servings of fruits and vegetables a day can lower your chances of suffering from cancer or heart disease. Eating foods that are high in fat and weighing more than your recommended weight puts you at risk for heart disease, cancer, and stroke.

Section 2 Health and Wellness HEALTH – state of well-being in which all of the components of health are in balance. Six Components of Health Physical Health – refers to the way your body functions. A Physically Healthy person: Eats a well-balanced diet Exercises regularly Avoids tobacco, alcohol, and drugs Is free of diesease

Six Components of Health (con’t) Emotional Health- expressing your emotions in a positive, nondestructive way. Emotionally healthy people: a. express emotions constructively b. ask for help when sad

Six Components of Health (con’t) 3. Social Health-quality of your relationships with friends, family, teachers and others you are in contact with. A socially healthy person: a. Respects others b. Has supportive relationships c. Expresses needs to others

Six Components of Health (con’t) Mental Health –the ability to recognize reality and cope with the demands of daily life. A mentally healthy person: a. Has high self-esteem b. Enjoys trying new things c. Is free of mental illness

Six Components of Health (con’t) Spiritual Health-maintaining harmonious relationships with other living things and having spiritual direction and purpose. A spiritually healthy person: a. Has a sense of purpose in life b. Follows morals and values c. Feels a unity with other human beings

Six Components of Health (con’t) Environmental Health-keeping your air and water clean, your food safe, and the land around you enjoyable and safe. An environmentally healthy person: a. Has access to clean air and water b. Has a clean and uncrowded living space c. Recycles used paper, glass products, and aluminum

Influences of Your Wellness Factors that influence your health Hereditary Influences Social Influences Cultural Influences Environmental Influences Hereditary –traits you inherit from your parents Culture- values, beliefs, and practices shared by people that have a common background. Value-strong belief or ideal Wellness-achievement of a person’s best in all six components of health

Taking Charge of Your Wellness Three ways you can take charge of your health is through: a. Knowledge b. Lifestyle c. Attitude Health Literacy-knowledge of health information needed to make good choices about your health. Character –describes the quality of your personality and actions.