Co-generation Cogeneration is an attractive option for facilities with high electric rates and buildings that consume large amounts of hot water and electricity every month. The higher the electric rate; the greater the savings.

Last 3 years of Utility Costs at BHS

Tri-Generation A tri-generation system produces electricity and utilizes the waste heat to produce heating in the winter. With the addition of an absorption/bromine chiller this system will also provide cooling for the building.

22’ 23’ Site ~ 22’* x 23’ Service ~ 30’ x 28’ PRE-ENGINEERED LAYOUTS Site ~ 22’* x 29’ Service ~ 30’ x 34’ Site ~ 22’* x 29’ Service ~ 30’ x 34’ 22’ 29’ System = 28,550 lbs System = 30,833 lbs System = 32,566 lbs 29’ System Height = 15’6” 22’ 240 kW300 kW360 kW

Benefits Environmentally friendly Reduces fossil fuel consumption Reduces dependency on electrical grid Produces electricity while also providing heating or cooling as a by-product Provides backup generation capabilities Extends life of existing equipment Saves Money $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

570 Ref: US DOE EIA (Electricity Generation & Environmental Externalities, 1995) Environmental Benefits Greenhouse Gas Reduction (lbm/MWh)

Avoided emissions

Coal 50% Oil 20% Natural gas 30% Waste heat Electricity 100% 33% 67% Low efficiency – Significant amount of energy is lost to the atmosphere as waste heat Source: Adapted from U.S. Combined Heat and Power Association More pollution released Higher costs to Branford BOE Grid Power

Risks Energy costs decrease (Electricity) Natural Gas rises/Oil prices fall Equipment Failure (Maintenance and replacement costs are built into agreement and calculated into savings)

Energy Rates - Snapshots

Costs Associated Purchase of Natural Gas BOE would seek long term contract on Natural Gas Initial Equipment Purchases Equipment maintenance

Incentives DPUC Grants/Rebates $ per KW or approx $120,000 Additional grants Positive cash flow in first year Increased cash flow in subsequent years No-upfront costs Environmental benefits No gas distribution charges

Natural gas Waste heat Electricity Hot water Chilled water 100% 80% High efficiency – More waste heat recovered and converted to usable energy Source: Adapted from U.S. Combined Heat and Power Association 20% Less pollution released Lower costs and assured power to the end user or

Financial Model

Heating fuel Savings WIS Walsh Intermediate HVAC replacement project Annual reduction of 60,000 gallons #2 Heating Fuel Oil The heating season used 98,034 gallons of fuel 03-04, 38,454 gallons used 04-05, 35,117 gallons used 05-06, 29,733 gallons used 06-07, 35,644 gallons used Fuel Avoidance since project completion 253,188 Gallons or

WIS HVAC WIS Baseline Did NothingWIS Actual Did NothingWIS Actual Utilities 2001/ / /2006 Oil Gallons98, , , , Oil Cost Total$85, $172,294.50$61, $201,830.70$60, Cost per gallon Electric KWH2,780,160 1,431,360 2,780,1601,448,640 Electric Cost$247, $344,739.84$178, $378,101.76$198, Electric Rate Totals$333, $517,034.34$239, $579,932.46$259, Cost Avoidance $277, $320, Capital Lease$1,209, $120,984.00

WIS Electrical Costs despite annual inflation

Other conservation initiatives

CT Municipal Lighting Grants all buildings The BOE took advantage of the CT Municipal Lighting Grants to install energy efficient lighting in all of our buildings at no cost to the town of Branford. As a result annually we are saving 406,849 Kwh or in today’s cost $72, annually.

EMS at MTM and MRT Cost of Project is $43, per school Completed Project November 17, 2006

Most Recent Energy Project Installation of EMS (Energy Management System) at Murphy and Tisko Elementary Schools completed Fall 2006 Involves building scheduling, outside air calibration to equipment operation, 365 day calendar scheduling, soft starts for equipment, internet and intranet monitoring of temperature and operational conditions in schools

MTM/MRT Energy Savings 2005/2006 Fuel Use 36,251 gallons 2006/2007 Fuel Use 17,869 gallons Fuel Avoidance 18,382 Gallons Cost Avoidance $35,185 in 06/07 dollars Although the fiscal year for electricity is not complete we are on track to save 10-15% or approx 72,500 kwh or $12, Simple Payback of less than two years

Summary We have made strides in reducing our energy consumption and holding the line on our energy costs. Next steps toward conservation are much more involved but necessary if we are to operate our schools in an environmentally friendly and economical manner. We are seeking opportunities and assistance in continuing our conservation program