Unit 1: Introduction and Overview California Department of Education Tom Torlakson, State Superintendent of Public Instruction 1

This module: Provides an overview of a balanced assessment system aligned to the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) for English- Language Arts/Literacy and Mathematics 2 Shows assessment as an integrated part of the instructional cycle Addresses the roles of formative, interim, and summative assessments in that cycle Emphasizes the identification and effective use of classroom formative assessment strategies and tools and how to use the resulting data

3 Introduction and Overview Module Goal: To provide participants with the knowledge and skills needed to effectively and appropriately plan for and implement assessments to support the learning of all students. This module also shows how to gather and use assessment data from multiple sources to increase students’ learning of the California Common Core State Standards (CA CCSS) and their development of 21st Century Skills. Module Goal: To provide participants with the knowledge and skills needed to effectively and appropriately plan for and implement assessments to support the learning of all students. This module also shows how to gather and use assessment data from multiple sources to increase students’ learning of the California Common Core State Standards (CA CCSS) and their development of 21st Century Skills.

Let's begin with a pre-assessment to find out how much you already know about Assessment Literacy. Complete the “Pre-Assessment.” Work independently, without discussion or assistance from others. 4 Pre-Assessment Handout

Introduction and Overview The purpose of this unit is to increase awareness of the importance of incorporating the development of 21st Century Skills into classroom instruction and assessment within the context of the CCSS. 5

By the end of this unit, participants will be able to: Articulate the rationale for change in educational assessment Articulate the rationale for change in educational assessment Describe the key components of 21st Century Learning Skills Describe the key components of 21st Century Learning Skills Begin to understand the concept of Assessment Literacy Begin to understand the concept of Assessment Literacy 6

As you apply what you learn in this module, you will develop your own personal definition, based on your particular context and background. In general, Norman Webb’s (2002) definition of Assessment Literacy provides a good starting point: “Assessment Literacy is defined as the knowledge about how to assess what students know and can do, interpret the results of these assessments, and apply these results to improve student learning and program effectiveness.” 7

The concepts and processes covered in this module are applicable to any statewide assessment system and support effective classroom-level assessment as an integral part of the teaching and learning cycle. Identification and effective use of a variety of formative assessment practices and tools and the appropriate use of those tools to inform instructional decisions are addressed. Emphasis on classroom- and school-level applications of the attributes of assessment-literate educators. The concepts and processes covered in this module are applicable to any statewide assessment system and support effective classroom-level assessment as an integral part of the teaching and learning cycle. Identification and effective use of a variety of formative assessment practices and tools and the appropriate use of those tools to inform instructional decisions are addressed. Emphasis on classroom- and school-level applications of the attributes of assessment-literate educators. Norman Webb’s Assessment Literacy in a Standards- Based Urban Education Setting available at: %20literacy%20NLW%20Final% pdf Norman Webb’s Assessment Literacy in a Standards- Based Urban Education Setting available at: %20literacy%20NLW%20Final% pdf 8

Education across the United States is in the process of significant change, and shifts in assessment practices are central to the reforms currently in progress. What are some of the factors driving this change in process? 9

Excerpts from the Cisco-Intel-Microsoft’s 2004 Call to Action, Transforming Education: Assessing and Teaching 21st Century Skills: “Significant reform is needed in education, world-wide, to respond to and shape global trends in support of both economic and social development. What is learned, how it is taught, and how schools are organized must be transformed to respond to the social and economic needs of students and society as we face the challenges of the 21st century. Systemic education reform is needed that includes curriculum, pedagogy, teacher training, and school organization. Reform is particularly needed in education assessment—how is it that education and society more generally measure the competencies and skills that are needed for productive, creative workers and citizens? Accountability is an important component of education reform. But more often than not, accountability efforts have measured what is easiest to measure, rather than what is most important.” “Significant reform is needed in education, world-wide, to respond to and shape global trends in support of both economic and social development. What is learned, how it is taught, and how schools are organized must be transformed to respond to the social and economic needs of students and society as we face the challenges of the 21st century. Systemic education reform is needed that includes curriculum, pedagogy, teacher training, and school organization. Reform is particularly needed in education assessment—how is it that education and society more generally measure the competencies and skills that are needed for productive, creative workers and citizens? Accountability is an important component of education reform. But more often than not, accountability efforts have measured what is easiest to measure, rather than what is most important.” 10

For additional information, read Transforming Education: Assessing and Teaching 21st Century at Microsoft-Assessment-Call-to-Action.pdf For additional information, read Transforming Education: Assessing and Teaching 21st Century at Microsoft-Assessment-Call-to-Action.pdf 11

Video: “What is 21 st Century Education?” =Ax5cNlutAys =Ax5cNlutAys Video: “What is 21 st Century Education?” =Ax5cNlutAys =Ax5cNlutAys Pay particular attention to: The kinds of knowledge and skills that students need to move forward. What this means for classroom instruction and assessment. 12

Respond to the questions below: What were two or three of the most important points you gleaned from the video clip? How do you see your role as an educator changing based on the 21st Century skills and knowledge that students need to be successful in the current and future global economy? 13

The Partnership for 21st Century Skills ( developed a framework to provide a vision for student success in the new global economy. The Partnership for 21st Century Skills ( developed a framework to provide a vision for student success in the new global economy. Read: Framework for 21st Century Learning 14 Framework for 21 st Century Learning Handout

1.Describe the relationship depicted in the graphic on your handout between: Core content skills and knowledge The essential learning skills of critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity (4Cs) 1.Describe the relationship depicted in the graphic on your handout between: Core content skills and knowledge The essential learning skills of critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity (4Cs) 2. What are your ideas about how the 4Cs may be integrated into your classroom instruction and assessment? 15

In President Obama’s first major education speech of his presidency, he responded to critics who complained of too much change, too fast. The President countered that waiting is particularly inappropriate for education and highlighted the role of assessment in fostering improvement, noting that even within a few years America would see a different reality: “By 2016, four out of every ten new jobs will require at least some advanced education or training… I am calling on our nation’s Governors and state education chiefs to develop standards and assessments that don‘t simply measure whether students can fill in a bubble on a test, but whether they possess 21st Century Skills like problem-solving and critical thinking, entrepreneurship, and creativity.” —President Barack Obama, Address to Hispanic Chamber of Commerce March 10, 2009 “By 2016, four out of every ten new jobs will require at least some advanced education or training… I am calling on our nation’s Governors and state education chiefs to develop standards and assessments that don‘t simply measure whether students can fill in a bubble on a test, but whether they possess 21st Century Skills like problem-solving and critical thinking, entrepreneurship, and creativity.” —President Barack Obama, Address to Hispanic Chamber of Commerce March 10,

Remarks by the President to the Hispanic Chamber of Commerce on a Complete and Competitive American Education is available at President-to-the-United-States-Hispanic-Chamber-of- Commerce. President-to-the-United-States-Hispanic-Chamber-of- Commerce Remarks by the President to the Hispanic Chamber of Commerce on a Complete and Competitive American Education is available at President-to-the-United-States-Hispanic-Chamber-of- Commerce. President-to-the-United-States-Hispanic-Chamber-of- Commerce 17

The “Three-Minute Video Explaining the Common Core State Standards” at describes how the CCSS are designed to help students achieve at high levels and help them learn what they need to know to get to graduation and beyond. The “Three-Minute Video Explaining the Common Core State Standards” at describes how the CCSS are designed to help students achieve at high levels and help them learn what they need to know to get to graduation and beyond. 18 As you watch, think about how implementation of the CCSS will impact teaching and learning in your classroom.

The College and Career Readiness (CCR) Anchor Standards are the foundation of the CCSS and describe the skills and knowledge students are expected to have when they graduate high school. Students advancing through the grades are expected to meet each year’s grade-specific standards, working steadily towards meeting the more general expectations. The College and Career Readiness (CCR) Anchor Standards are the foundation of the CCSS and describe the skills and knowledge students are expected to have when they graduate high school. Students advancing through the grades are expected to meet each year’s grade-specific standards, working steadily towards meeting the more general expectations. Review the College and Career Readiness Anchor Standards 19 CCR Anchor Standards Handout

In March 2012, the California State Board of Education approved a CCSS Systems Implementation Plan to guide and support the transition from the 1997 standards and assessments to the new standards and assessments. California’s transition plan is designed to facilitate essential coherence and alignment in the CCSS system. The Common Core State Standards Systems Implementation Plan and additional information about the CCSS is available on the CDE Web site at The Common Core State Standards Systems Implementation Plan and additional information about the CCSS is available on the CDE Web site at 20

Education across the United States is in the process of unprecedented change, as reflected by sweeping educational reform at the federal, state, and local levels. The adoption of the CCSS and common statewide assessment systems brings states together as never before in the shared vision of ensuring all students are prepared for college and career success. 21

As evidenced in this unit, to face the challenges of the 21st century: Changes need to be made in the educational system in response to the social and economic needs of students and society. Widespread systemic reform is necessary in curriculum, pedagogy, and assessment. Students need to acquire, apply, and integrate the 21st Century Learning Skills of the 4Cs (critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity) into their core content skills and knowledge. The CCSS were designed to be relevant in the 21st century world, reflecting the knowledge and skills that students need for success in college and careers. Assessments must be developed that move beyond the “fill in the bubble” assessments to measure critical 21st Century Learning Skills and college and career readiness. 22

List some of the factors driving the current changes occurring in education. What are the essential 21st Century Learning Skills students need to acquire through classroom instruction and assessment? 23 Respond to the following: