Darwin

Evolution

Population Evolution

Selection

Speciation

Patterns of Evolution

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What did Darwin call Natural Selection

Survival of the Fittest

The process where the breeder selects the best trait is called?

Artificial Selection

What is the name of the book that Darwin wrote?

The Origin of Species

Hutton & Lylle both said what about the formation of the earth?

The earth is millions of years old/the earth was formed by geologic forces

The 2 guys that came up with a mathematical equation that can predict allele frequencies?

Hardy & Weinberg

All of the genes in a population is called?

Gene Pool

Name 2 sources of genetic variation.

Mutations Crossover (Gene Shuffling)

Any organ that is reduced in function that may have been used by an ancestor?

Vestigial Organ

Body structures that are similar in structure and function?

Homologous Structures

Body structures that are similar in function but different in structure are called?

Analogous Structures

A trait controlled by more than one gene is called?

Polygenic Trait

A random change in allele frequencies over the generations is called?

Genetic Drift

When allele frequencies remain constant it is called?

Genetic Equalibrium

What occurs when allele frequencies in a group of migrating individuals are by chance not the same as that of the original population?

Founder Effect

What effect can happen when a population’s numbers undergoes a drastic decrease?

Bottleneck Effect

Where individuals with favorable traits survive & pass on those traits to their offspring?

Natural Selection

When natural selection favors one extreme phenotype or the other.

Directional selection

When natural selection doesn’t favor either extreme phenotype.

Stabilizing selection

When natural selection favors both extreme phenotypes.

Disruptive selection

What are the 5 conditions to maintain genetic equilibrium

1.Must be random mating 2.Must have a large pop. Size 3.No movement of genes 4.No mutations 5.No Natural selection

The evolution of a new species

Speciation

When 2 populations become separated by a geographic barrier (river, mtn. etc)

Geographic Isolation

When a species doesn’t recognize another species as a mate because it didn’t do the correct mating dance or call or make the correct display

Behavioral Isolation

When 2 species mate at different times

Temporal Isolation

When members of a population can no longer interbreed with the rest of the population is called?

Reproductive Isolation

Large scale evolution that takes place over a long period of time

Macroevolution

What percentage of species that lived on earth have become extinct?

99%

Where two or more species originate from one species called a common ancestor.

Divergent Evolution

Where 2 different species evolve in response to one another.

Coevolution

What is it called when 2 different species inhabit similar environments and evolve similar traits.

Convergent Evolution