Dynamic axial crush response of circular honeycombs by Royan J. D'Mello, Sophia Guntupalli, Lucas R. Hansen, and Anthony M. Waas Proceedings A Volume ():rspa May 23, 2012 ©2012 by The Royal Society

Diagram of the 3-cell and 7-cell circular polycarbonate honeycombs. Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

Micro-section of the contact site of two cells in the polycarbonate honeycombs as seen under an optical microscope. Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

Schematic showing the experimental set-up of the wave loading device (WLD). Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

Typical rest–ramp displacement of the incident bar at the specimen end. Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

Plot showing the initial deformation response of the 3-cell specimen under dynamic crush loading using the WLD method. Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

Images of the initial stages of deformation in a 3-cell specimen loaded in the WLD set-up from t=0 to t=0.2 ms. Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

Plot showing the initial deformation response of the 7-cell specimen under dynamic crush loading using the WLD set-up. Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

Images of the initial stages of deformation in a 7-cell specimen loaded in the WLD setup from t=0 to t=0.2 ms. Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

Schematic showing the set-up for the direct impact method (DIM). Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

Load–time plot of the 3-cell specimen when impacted directly by the striker bar. Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

Load–time plot of a 3-cell specimen when directly impacted by a striker bar. Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

Load–time plot of a 7-cell specimen when directly impacted by a striker bar. Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

Diagram showing the boundary conditions used on the honeycomb during eigenbuckling analysis. Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

Eigenmodes for 3-cell and 7-cell specimens that are chosen to perturb the mesh for explicit FE simulations. Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

The rate-dependent compressive behaviour of polycarbonate taken from Mulliken & Boyce (2006). Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

Images from the FE dynamic crush simulation of 3-cell and 7-cell models with WLD inputs. Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

(a) Load–time plot obtained from the FE simulations (WLD method) of 7-cell honeycombs of varying amounts of geometrical imperfections. Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

Images from the FE dynamic crush simulation of 3-cell and 7-cell models with loading velocity 5000 mm s−1 (DIM simulation). Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

Load–time plot (shown on the left-hand axix) obtained from the FE simulation for the 7-cell honeycomb model with varying amounts of geometrical imperfections being crushed at the rate of 5000 mm s−1 (DIM simulation). Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

Plot showing the variation of material strain rate and normalized plateau load per cell with crush velocity for 3-cell and 7-cell models. Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society

Plot showing the FE-simulated crush and peak load values that are normalized by number of cells for 3-cell, 4-cell, 7-cell, 13-cell and 19-cell specimens. Royan J. D'Mello et al. Proc. R. Soc. A doi: /rspa ©2012 by The Royal Society