LED Street Lighting for Dark Sky Protected Areas IGNIALIGHT September 2013

- 2 - Who are we?

- 3 - Introduction Industrial Division Spanish Multinational Company Lighting Department since 1999 · Located in Besalú (Girona): · Innovation Center · Optical Laboratory · Production Center Sales Division · More than 3700 employees · Offices in 40 countries · Presence in 170 countries · 629 M€ turnover in 2012 · More than 75% of sales out of Spain

- 4 - After overcoming initial resistances today there is no street lighting project where the LED is not taken into account. So many vantages can be achieved with LED technology High efficiency (lm/W) Low Power Consumption High usage of the light High Lifespan Good Lumen Maintenance ratio – L h But with LEDs not all is valid: Renowned Manufacturer: ¡Warranties! Control over Binning Optical System (lenses, reflectors,…) Thermal Dissipation Power and Control Electronics Once LEDs are accepted for Street Lighting… What kind of LED should we use in each case? ¿Single DIE / Multi DIE / COB? ¿Low Power / Medium Power / High Power LED? ¿CRI? ¿CCT? LED Street Lighting: A Reality PC-Amber LED: Real Alternative to HPS

- 5 - CCT typical spectrum in LED Street Lighting. The choice between them is usually purely aesthetic or economic Old Town Centers: Warm White 3000K Residential areas and roads: Neutral White K Asian luminaries manufacturers typically use Cold White K WHICH LED SHOULD BE USED IN EACH CASE? PC-Amber LED: Real Alternative to HPS What is common in theses 3 CCT? The peak on 440nm White LEDs are made from Royal Blue LED die + Phosphor layer Are there negative effects of emission peak at 440nm?

- 6 - Nocturnal Wildlife affectation The vast majority of wildlife and insects are adapted to live in the nocturnal world. In the darkness they hide from predators, feed, hunt and breed. These species are more sensitive to blue light radiation, while red light is almost invisible to them and do not disturb their life cycles. Light Pollution affectation Rayleigh Law, light emitted at short wavelengths ( nm) is more dispersed into the atmosphere than the light emitted at longer wavelengths ( nm). The bluer is the light, the higher is the light pollution. The reddish is the light, the lower is the light pollution. NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF EMISSION PEAK AT 440NM PC-Amber LED: Real Alternative to HPS thierrycohen.com

- 7 - CCT typical spectrum in LED Street Lighting. PC-Amber LED: Real Alternative to HPS WHICH LED SHOULD BE USED IN EACH CASE?

- 8 - Phosphor Converted Amber PC-Amber LED: Real Alternative to HPS PC-Amber LED Made from Royal Blue die + Phosphor Layer 440nm Emission peak disappears Emissions below 500nm are almost null Maintains high efficacy level: lm/W Color Rendering Index (CRI) = 40 High Pressure Sodium HPS Medium level emission peaks at 450nm, 495nm, 780nm…. There is emission below 500nm High efficacy level: lm/W Color Rendering Index (CRI) = 25 WHICH LED SHOULD BE USED IN EACH CASE?

- 9 - Monochromatic Amber LED PC-Amber LED: Real Alternative to HPS Monochromatic Amber LED Made from AlInGaP semiconductor material combination Monochromatic spectrum with emission peak at 590nm No emission below 500nm Efficacy level: 60lm/W Color Rendering Index (CRI) = 0 WHICH LED SHOULD BE USED IN EACH CASE?

Empirical tests of wildlife and insects attraction using different lighting technologies: Mercury Vapor Luminaries High Pressure Sodium Luminaries Ignialight PC-Amber LED Luminaries Results: PC-Amber vs. Mercury Vapor : 70% insects attraction reduction PC-Amber vs. HPS : 30% insects attraction reduction Mr. Alfons Dolsa – Catalonian Butterfly Museum Analysis Performed PC-Amber IGNIALIGHT luminaries reduce down the affectation to the night environment

Measure to determine the effect of PC-Amber lighting to human circadian cycles Dr. Antonio Madrid – Murcia University – Chronobiology Lab Analysis Performed

Results: IGNIALIGHT PC-Amber Luminaries have no adverse effect on circadian rhythms Analysis Performed Dr. Antonio Madrid – Murcia University – Chronobiology Lab

Measures to determine the classification of the luminaries according the EN62471 photobiological safety norm. Results: IREC – Catalonia Institute for Energy Research IGNIALIGHT PC-Amber luminaries are risk exempt in all the categories according to EN62471 Analysis Performed

Certificate of luminaries and lamps with LED light equivalent to HPS Results: IAC – Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias IGNIALIGHT PC-Amber luminaries certified by IAC Analysis Performed

Place: Sant Cugat Luminaries : PLED 30W Double Level self-regulation Previous lighting system: HPS 100 W (+15% ballast.) Efficiency: 74% less power consumption Sant Cugat - Street lighting Success Cases

Place: Santa Pau Luminaries : DLED 130W Previous lighting system : HPS 250 W (+15% ballast.) Efficiency: 55% less power consumption Santa Pau - La Garrotxa Volcanic Zone Natural Park Success Cases

Place: Serinyà Luminaries : MLED 75W Previous lighting system : HPS 100 W (+15% ballast.) Efficiency: 35% less power consumption Serinyà- Street Lighting Success Cases

Place: Banyoles Luminaries : YLED 40W Previous lighting system : New installation Efficiency: 50% less power consumption compared with HPS 70W + ballast.. Banyoles - Banyoles Lake Natural Park Success Cases

Ctra Figueres, nº Besalú (Girona) SPAIN Tel – Fax: – Thanks for your attention