B IPOLAR D ISORDER ( MANIAC DEPRESSIVE DISORDER ) By, Andersen Harrill, Rosy Rios, Amber Smith, and Carlos Marmolejo

F AMOUS P EOPLE WITH B IPOLAR DISORDER Edgar Poe, Beethoven, Napoleon, Mozart, Newton, Virginia Woolf Woolf’s last letter to her lover.

W HAT IS B IPOLAR DISORDER ? Episodes of elevated or agitated mood – Mania Society problems with social stigma, stereotypes and prejudice. Extreme mood swings, ranging between acute euphoria mania and severe depression Ages 15-25

C AUSES Childbirth Antidepressants or steroids Insomnia Recreational drug use

E TIOLOGY Predominantly a biological disorder Ventral prefrontal regions and lymbic regions especially the amygdala May be dormant or activated naturally or triggered by stress in life. Tends to run in families % chance if one parent has it. Environmental Factors 4% of people in the world

S YMPTOMS Symptoms of mania or a manic episode include: Symptoms of depression or a depressive episode include: Mood Changes A long period of feeling "high," or an overly happy or outgoing mood Extremely irritable mood, agitation, feeling "jumpy" or "wired." Behavioral Changes Talking very fast, jumping from one idea to another, having racing thoughts Being easily distracted Increasing goal-directed activities, such as taking on new projects Being restless Sleeping little Having an unrealistic belief in one's abilities Behaving impulsively and taking part in a lot of pleasurable, high-risk behaviors, such as spending sprees, impulsive sex, and impulsive business investments. Mood Changes A long period of feeling worried or empty Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed, including sex. Behavioral Changes Feeling tired or "slowed down" Having problems concentrating, remembering, and making decisions Being restless or irritable Changing eating, sleeping, or other habits Thinking of death or suicide, or attempting suicide.

P REVALENCE AROUND 3% WORLDWIDE

D IAGNOSIS American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders or DSM-IV. Family history Self reported incidence and medical practitioner analysis on abnormalities in behavior.

C ULTURAL F ACTORS Rates similar in Men and Women broadly across different cultural and ethnic groups. World Health Organization(2000) Burden of bipolar disorder around the world: disability-adjusted life years per 100,000 inhabitants in 2002.disability-adjusted life years

G ENDER V ARIATIONS Later in women than men Women tend to go more through seasonal mood changes Women experience depressive episodes, mixed mania, and rapid cycling more often than men No evidence that gender affects response to treatment stabilizers

T REATMENT A PPROACHES Psychotherapy (CBT, Family focused therapy, and psychoeducation) Behavioral Therapy- decrease stress Cognitive therapy- identify and modify patterns of thinking that accompany mood shifts. Interpersonal therapy- relationships and strains Social Rhythm therapy- patterns Medication- Lithium Therapy and mood stabilizing medication

E TIOLOGY AND T HERAPEUTIC Causes mainly unknown Reducing symptoms with mood stabilizing medications (lithium) and support through therapy to cope with the disorder.

Stress (Sociocultural factors) a stress stimulant usually takes place to activate the first signs of bipolar disorder. This causes the patient to act out showing symptoms. Biological Factors Inheritance and disruption in the ventral and lymbic system mainly the amygdala. Genetic Biological If one parent has the disorder then there is a % chance that any of the offspring will gain that disorder. Cognitive Irrational and illogigical thinking. Negative thinking patterns and cognitive disortation. Psychiatric outcome: Bipolar Disorder Constitutional (cognitive vulnerability