Emission Spectra Emission Spectrum of Hydrogen 1 nm = 1 x 10 -9 m = “a billionth of a meter” 410 nm434 nm486 nm656 nm.

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Presentation transcript:

Emission Spectra

Emission Spectrum of Hydrogen 1 nm = 1 x m = “a billionth of a meter” 410 nm434 nm486 nm656 nm

Emission Spectrum of an Element 1 nm = 1 x m = “a billionth of a meter” 410 nm434 nm486 nm656 nm 1 nm = 1 x m = “a billionth of a meter”

Continuous and Line Spectra 4000 A o light Na H Ca Hg nm Visible spectrum  (nm)

Continuous and Line Spectra 4000 A o A o light Na H Ca Hg

Flame Emission Spectra Photographs of flame tests of burning wooden splints soaked in different salts. Include link to web page methane gas wooden splintstrontium ioncopper ionsodium ion calcium ion

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Benjamin Cummings. All rights reserved.

Flame Tests for Certain Metals BORAX BEAD TESTS FOR CERTAIN METALS (All beads formed in the oxidizing flame)

Fireworks

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Benjamin Cummings. All rights reserved.

Common chemicals used in the manufacture of fireworks Ammonium perchlorate aluminumBlue flame: copper carbonate, copper sulfate, or copper oxide Barium chlorate antimony sulfideRed flame: strontium nitrate or strontium carbonate Barium nitrate charcoalWhite flame: magnesium or aluminum Potassium chlorate magnesiumYellow flame: sodium oxalate or cryolite (Na 3 AlF 6 ) Potassium nitrate sulfurGreen flame: barium nitrate or barium chlorate Potassium perchlorate titaniumWhite smoke: potassium nitrate plus sulfur Strontium nitrateColored smoke: potassium chlorate and sulfur, plus organic dye Whistling noise: potassium benzoate or sodium salicylate White sparks: aluminum, magnesium, or titanium Gold sparks: iron filings or charcoal Almost any combination of an oxidizer and a fuel may be used along with the compounds needed to produce a desired special effect. Oxidizers Fuels (Reductants) Special Effects Copyright © 2007 Pearson Benjamin Cummings. All rights reserved.

Composition of Fireworks Gunpowder –Sulfur, charcoal, potassium nitrate (saltpeter) Salts (to give color) –Red = lithium –Green = copper

Electron Energy Levels nucelus 1 st energy level 2 nd energy level 3 rd energy level 1999, Addison, Wesley, Longman, Inc. Energy absorbed Energy lost