The Atom Contains 3 subatomic particles: The dense center (nucleus) of the atom contains: Neutron - a particle with no charge. Proton - a particle with.

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Presentation transcript:

The Atom Contains 3 subatomic particles: The dense center (nucleus) of the atom contains: Neutron - a particle with no charge. Proton - a particle with a positive charge. Electrons are tiny particles that move around the nucleus. - negative electrical charge. - same # of positive and negative charges = neutral.

The Bohr Model

Explain and draw a Bohr model of an atom. Understand the movement of electrons when energized. Understand and perform a Flame Test Compare and contrast positive and negative ions. Key Words OrbitPlanetary model Flame Test

hypothesized electrons occupy precise positions. specific distances around the nucleus called orbits or shells. only a specific number of electrons can occupy each orbit. called the “planetary model” Bohr (1913)

1 st – holds two electrons (e - ) 2 nd – holds eight e - 3 rd – holds eight e - Ever element has a different number of electrons. Electrons occupy the closest orbital first.

ColourElement greencopper yellowsodium redstrontium yellow-greenbarium orange-redcalcium purplepotassium purple-redlithium Elements give off a unique colour of light when heated - used to detect the presence of a metal This is known as a flame test. Bohr model explains the colours as “jumps” electrons make when energy is added.

Electrons are always moving - have energy. Given more energy (heat, light, electricity) electrons will jump up to a new further orbit. When electrons drop back down to previous orbit they release the energy as light. Elements have different number of electrons – different “jumps” – different spectrum of colour.

Energy level 1 Energy level 2 Energy level 3 Energy level 4 Ground State

Isotopes: Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but a missing or extra neutron. helium helium isotopes The nucleus of some isotopes are unstable and break apart over time - radioactivity.

The Atom Contains 3 subatomic particles: Neutron – nucleus particle with no charge. - can vary within an element - ISOTOPES. Proton – nucleus particle with a positive charge. Electrons – negative particles move in specific orbits. - e - jump/drop orbits releasing energy. - same # of positive and negative charges = neutral.

How many electrons are able to occupy: the first orbit? the second orbit? the third orbit? Draw a Bohr model of the atom carbon which has six electrons. Draw a Bohr model of the atom aluminum which has 13 electrons.