May 2, 2006Shawn Mulkey - EECS Distributed Computing & Object Oriented Middleware: Part 2 Presented By Shawn Mulkey

Shawn Mulkey - EECS 8162 May 2, 2006 Agenda Microsoft.Net Web Services Grid Computing Conclusion

Shawn Mulkey - EECS 8163 May 2, 2006 Agenda Microsoft.Net  Introduction  Remoting  Windows Communication Foundation Web Services Grid Computing Conclusion

Shawn Mulkey - EECS 8164 May 2, 2006.Net Basics Microsoft Development Platform Creates Interpreted Code  MSIL  Many Languages Supported  C#, VB.Net are Primary Platform & Tool Support  Deployment  Security

Shawn Mulkey - EECS 8165 May 2, 2006 Foundation Class Libraries Built-In Functionality For.Net Available to All.Net Languages Basic to Advanced Features  String Manipulation  Graphics  Networking  Threading Encapsulated functionality for common tasks

Shawn Mulkey - EECS 8166 May 2, 2006 Attributes Meta-Data Added To.Net Constructs  Assemblies, Classes, Members Provide Externally Parsed Information  IDE Properties  Security Assertions  Web Services Interactions Example: //Method Level Attribute [FileIOPermissionAttribute(SecurityAction.Demand, Unrestricted=true)] void WriteDataToFile(string data) { … }

Shawn Mulkey - EECS 8167 May 2, 2006.Net Remoting Built in system for object based RPC  Fundamentally similar to Java RMI  Requires homogenous environment Specifically designed for inter-process as well as intra-system use Similar to predecessor Microsoft DCOM .Net Remoting uses standardized transports

Shawn Mulkey - EECS 8168 May 2, 2006.Net Remoting Features Seamless LPC semantics  ‘Proxy’ term instead of stub Interchangeable Protocols  Transport  Data Representation Copy by value or reference  Automatic or Declarative

Shawn Mulkey - EECS 8169 May 2, 2006 Basic.Net Remoting Architecture © Microsoft, 2006

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006.Net Remoting Channels Bundled configuration for RPC Transport IChannel interface can represent any transport  TcpChannel and HttpChannel are commonly used implementations Channels declaratively configured with.Net configuration system

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Remoting Channel Architecture © Microsoft, 2006

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006.Net Remoting Code Sample public class SampleObject : MarshalByRefObject { public SampleObject() { } public string HelloWorld() { return "Hello World!"; } Object Declaration

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 public class SampleServer { public void Start() { // Create an instance of a channel TcpChannel channel = new TcpChannel(8080); ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(channel); // Register as an available service with the name HelloWorld RemotingConfiguration.RegisterWellKnownServiceType( typeof(SampleObject), "HelloWorld", WellKnownObjectMode.SingleCall ); } …… } Server Code

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 public class SampleClient { public void DoSomething() { // Create a channel for communicating w/ the remote object // Notice no port is specified on the client TcpChannel chan = new TcpChannel(); ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(chan); // Create an instance of the remote object SampleObject obj = (SampleObject) Activator.GetObject( typeof(RemotingExample.SampleObject), "tcp://localhost:8080/HelloWorld" ); Console.WriteLine(obj.HelloWorld()); } …. } Client Code

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Windows Communication Foundation Platform for distributed computing integration  Formerly known as ‘Indigo’  Presents abstract framework for program interaction Unifies previous Microsoft distributed APIs  DCOM  Microsoft Message Queues  Web services .Net Remoting

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Windows Communication Foundation Every system partitioned into ‘services’  Similar to original CORBA metaphor  Directly supports Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Unified feature set and programming model  Example: Message oriented communication with transactional guarantees Leverages.Net platform extensibility features  Declarative run-time attributes  Configuration

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 WCF Basics Three important service attributes  Address  Binding  Contract Service Contract  Decorated with attributes to denote meta-functionality Data Contract  Explicitly declares structure and members to be exposed

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 WCF Contract Examples using System.ServiceModel; [ServiceContract] public interface ICalculate { [OperationContract] double Add( double a, double b); [OperationContract] double Subtract( double a, double b); } using System.ServiceModel; [DataContract] public class Person { [DataMember] public int Id; [DataMember] public string FirstName; [DataMember] public string LastName; } Service ContractData Contract

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 WCF Architecture © Microsoft, 2006

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 WCF Architecture © Microsoft, 2006

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Microsoft’s WFC Strategy Offers interoperability with other platforms  Web services  Extensible transport interfaces Locks developers into unified.Net framework Similar strategy to Sun’s J2EE

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Agenda Microsoft.Net Web Services  Introduction  Architecture  Applications Grid Computing Conclusion

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Web Services Introduction Web Service Definition: A distributed computing system in which standardized network protocols are used to connect clients with services capable of providing data in a common textual format.

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Web Services Introduction Common Practical Definition: A distributed computing system in which web-based network protocols such as HTTP are used to connect clients with services providing XML based data via the SOAP messaging standard.

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Web Services Application Stack HTTP Client  Custom code or generated middleware  Leverages HTTP error semantics  TCP underlying socket transport SOAP messages  Simple Object Access Protocols  XML based messaging standard  Wraps data in common envelope

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Web Services Application Stack XML Data Encoding  Textual format  Hierarchical organization  Standardized type encoding Benefits and challenges of XML  Extremely interoperable  Processing intensive

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Simple Object Access Protocol Header Block SOAP Envelope Header 1 ….. Header N Message Body Data Block 3 Data Block 1 Data Block 2 Application level message packet Brackets message content Provides header inclusion  Contextual information  Standardized behavior Contains versioning information

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Web Services Data Encoding Structured XML text  Simple to parse  Expensive in time and space Standardized types  Simple types in W3C DTD  Complex types in WS-* standards Lingua Franca in enterprise computing

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Web Services Middleware Many development platforms .Net  J2EE  Allows interaction using familiar language constructs Web Services Description Language  Standardized way to represent web service  Similar to CORBA IDL  Used to generate stubs and skeletons

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Demonstration Interlude

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Web Services Extensions New standards for specialized functions WS-Trust WS-Transactions WS-Notification  See Mulkey, 2006

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Web Services Evolution Popular means to connect enterprise systems  Legacy databases  Web-centric applications Extensibility provides for standardization  Header types  Data types  Meta-data Competing visions going forward

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Agenda Microsoft.Net Web Services Grid Computing  Introduction  Examples Conclusion

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Grid Computing Introduction Grid Computing Definition: A virtualization of computing resources which abstract a network of interoperating nodes into a single computer system.

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Grid Computing Concept Grid Interface

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Grid Computing Highlights Designed for heterogeneous computing environments Standards based  Web Services specs used extensively Exploits underutilized resources  Uses idle cycles  Job load balancing

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Grid Computing Applications Must access grid framework  Two or more non-client machines  Non-trivial administration  Fast network Application must run in grid environment  Remote job  Parallel partition and processing Local overhead must be significantly more than grid overhead  Long jobs  Complex parallel jobs

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Grid Frameworks Globus Framework   Sponsored by IBM & others  Popular in research Sun Grid Engine (N1)   Built into operating system  Strong commercial backing

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Conclusion Microsoft’s distributed computing .Net Remoting  Web Services  Window Communication Foundation Web Services  Open standards based HTTP, SOAP, XML  Highly interoperable  Wide middleware tool support

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 Conclusion Grid Computing  Computer resource virtualization  Dynamic use of idle hardware  Standards based

Shawn Mulkey - EECS May 2, 2006 The End Distributed Computing & Object Oriented Middleware Presented By Shawn Mulkey