Cardiovascular Unit (Day 3) Bell Ringer:  On a piece of paper, write your name and today’s date  Do not use your notes!!!  Write the process of how “bad” blood becomes “good” blood. (From yesterday’s notes)  Include all the chambers, valves, arteries, veins, and lungs.

Bell Ringer Answer Deoxygenated blood goes through the Vena Cava, the largest veins in the body; into the right atrium, the upper right chamber of the heart. The right atrium squeezes blood through the tricuspid valve filling the right ventricle, the lower right chamber of the heart. The right ventricle contracts and sends the blood through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary arteries which carry blood to the lungs where, when you breathe, the blood loses carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen. The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood back to the heart into the left atrium, the upper left chamber of the heart. The left atrium contracts and sends blood through the mitral valve filling the left ventricle, the lower left chamber of the heart. The left ventricle pumps the blood through the aortic valve into the aorta, the largest artery in the body. The aorta branches off into numerous smaller arteries that carry oxygenated blood to the rest of the body The body takes the oxygen out of the blood and uses it in your body's cells. It all happens in less than a minute.

Blood The average adult has approximately 5 liters (about 10 pints) of blood. Blood is made up of both liquid and solid components: the liquid portion is called plasma, while the solid portion consists of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

Blood Approximately 55%of the total volume of blood is plasma. The other 45% is made up of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, which is suspended in plasma. Plasma is the liquid that holds blood cells and platelets in suspension. Though plasma is approximately 92% water, it also contains a complex mixture of proteins, vitamins, and hormones.

Blood Platelets are the smallest parts of the blood. Platelets are fragments of cells that are less than half the size of red blood cells. Platelets help repair blood vessels by adhering to damaged walls and help to trigger blood coagulation (or clotting), which prevents bleeding and blood escaping from the blood vessel. Without blood platelets, you would bleed to death. When the human body loses a little bit of blood through a minor wound, the platelets cause the blood to clot so that the bleeding stops.

Red Blood Cells Red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to all the body parts. Red blood cells make up over 99% of your blood cells. Blood gets its red color from the protein hemoglobin within the red blood cells. Hemoglobin enables red blood cells to transport oxygen around the body. When hemoglobin combines with oxygen, it forms a bright red compound called oxyhemoglobin; when oxygen is released, the compound darkens and becomes deoxyhemoglobin.

Hemoglobin Hemoglobin enables red blood cells to transport oxygen around the body. When hemoglobin combines with oxygen, it forms a bright red compound called oxyhemoglobin; when oxygen is released, the compound darkens and becomes deoxyhemoglobin.

White blood cells White blood cells main function is to destroy invading pathogens. White blood cells are the infantry behind your body's defense against infection. They protect your body from disease by either eating bacteria or producing substances that destroy infectious particles.

Components of Blood Video Clip

There are four types of blood : A B AB- Universal recipient O-O-positive is the most common type (Universal Donor)

Blood Vessels The heart needs helpers to make sure the blood moves all over, so it uses blood vessels, which are like pipes that carry the blood around the body.

Three kinds of blood vessels: Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart; Veins carry deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart; Capillaries are extremely small blood vessels that surround and nourish tissue cells. Oxygen and nutrients from the blood pass through the capillary walls and the wastes from the cells move into the blood through the capillary walls. Capillaries are 50 times smaller than a human hair.

Interesting Fact If you lined up all the blood vessels in your body end to end, they would wrap around the earth three times and still have some wrapping left to do!

Blood Vessels Video Clip

The End!!