Transport Systems Chapters: 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16

Learner Outcomes To compare the interactions among transport systems. To compare the interactions among transport systems. To identify and describe the factors that alter the normal functions of transport systems. To identify and describe the factors that alter the normal functions of transport systems. Identify how energy is processed and stored by the digestive system. Identify how energy is processed and stored by the digestive system. Analyze the physical, chemical, and biological properties of transport systems. Analyze the physical, chemical, and biological properties of transport systems. Analyze the effects of energy deficiencies in malabsorption disorders. Analyze the effects of energy deficiencies in malabsorption disorders. Evaluate the cause and effect of aging, disease, and trauma on transport systems. Evaluate the cause and effect of aging, disease, and trauma on transport systems. To identify the role of transport systems in the carrying of materials and the process of waste disposal. To identify the role of transport systems in the carrying of materials and the process of waste disposal.

Concept Map In the middle of your page write the word Blood. In the middle of your page write the word Blood. Around that word, along the periphery of your page, write the 11 organ systems of the human body. Around that word, along the periphery of your page, write the 11 organ systems of the human body. Draw a line to connect each system to the blood. On each line write a way that blood connects to that system to help in the maintenance of homeostasis in the human body (although blood provides nutrients and gases and removes waste from each system, try to think beyond this function.) Draw a line to connect each system to the blood. On each line write a way that blood connects to that system to help in the maintenance of homeostasis in the human body (although blood provides nutrients and gases and removes waste from each system, try to think beyond this function.)

Cardiovascular System: Blood Chapter 11

Please observe this slide of human blood. What general type of tissue is this classified as? What are the two components that make up this tissue? Name all of the cells that you can identify in this slide.

Blood is connective tissue that consists of two parts: plasma (liquid matrix) and the formed elements (cells and cell fragments). The plasma accounts for 55% of the total blood volume and the formed elements are about 45% of the blood. The total blood volume is about 4-5 L in females and 5-6 L in males.

Functions of the Blood Transportation: O2, CO2, nutrients, wastes, hormones, precursors, and bacteria. Transportation: O2, CO2, nutrients, wastes, hormones, precursors, and bacteria. Maintenance: maintains homeostasis with hormones and enzymes, maintains pH between 7.35 and 7.45, electrolyte balances, temperature regulation, restoration and repair (blood clots). Maintenance: maintains homeostasis with hormones and enzymes, maintains pH between 7.35 and 7.45, electrolyte balances, temperature regulation, restoration and repair (blood clots). Protection: Cells and chemical in the blood are important factors of the immune system. Blood clotting prevents excessive fluid loss. Protection: Cells and chemical in the blood are important factors of the immune system. Blood clotting prevents excessive fluid loss.

Blood Anatomy - Plasma 91% water and 9% proteins, ions, nutrients, gases, and waste products. 91% water and 9% proteins, ions, nutrients, gases, and waste products. Plasma Proteins: 1) Albumin makes up 58% of the plasma proteins and it is important in the regulation of water movement between tissues and blood. 2) Globulins account for the other 38% of the plasma proteins. Some globulins functions as parts of the immune system and others function as transport molecules. 3) Fibrinogen is 4% of the plasma proteins and is responsible for the formation of blood clots.

Blood Anatomy – Formed Elements 95% erythrocytes or red blood cells. 95% erythrocytes or red blood cells. 5% leukocytes or white blood cells and platelets (thrombocytes). 5% leukocytes or white blood cells and platelets (thrombocytes). Leukocytes are classified into two categories based on the presence or absence of granules in the cytoplasm. Leukocytes are classified into two categories based on the presence or absence of granules in the cytoplasm. GRANULOCYTES and AGRANULOCYTES

Hemopoesis or Hematopoesis is different in developing vs. mature humans: In the embryo and fetus tissues such as the yolk sac, liver, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, and red bone marrow all contribute to blood formation. In the adult, hemopoiesis is confined to the red bone marrow with some assistance from the lymphoid tissue.

All formed elements of the blood are derived from a single population of stem cells called hemocytoblasts. The differentiation of cells is regulated by a specific growth factor.

Hemopoiesis and Erythropoiesis. You will be assigned to trace and describe the formation and differentiation of Red Blood Cells (erythropoiesis), thrombocytes, or Leukocytes. As a group please diagram the life cycle of these cell types including the location of differentiation and what is happening at each stage to change the cell until it reaches maturity in the blood stream as either an erythrocyte, thrombocyte, or a leukocyte. Please also summarize each of the functions of the mature cells. Be prepared to report out on this information.

Hemoglobin Consists of 4 protein chains and 4 heme groups. Consists of 4 protein chains and 4 heme groups. The protein is the globin and is bound to one heme, which is a red- pigment containing an atom of iron. The protein is the globin and is bound to one heme, which is a red- pigment containing an atom of iron. The four globins in normal adult hemoglobin consists of two alpha chains and two beta chains. The four globins in normal adult hemoglobin consists of two alpha chains and two beta chains. Abnormal hemoglobins are less effective at attracting oxygen than is normal hemoglobin. What disorder could this result in? Abnormal hemoglobins are less effective at attracting oxygen than is normal hemoglobin. What disorder could this result in? Iron is needed for the normal function of hemoglobin due to the fact that it is the binding site for oxygen. How does that relate to the symptoms of the disorder identified above? Iron is needed for the normal function of hemoglobin due to the fact that it is the binding site for oxygen. How does that relate to the symptoms of the disorder identified above?

Hemoglobin Continued: Iron absorption is regulated according to need, and iron deficiency can result in anemia. Iron absorption is regulated according to need, and iron deficiency can result in anemia. When hemoglobin is exposed to oxygen, 1 molecule of oxygen becomes associated with each heme group. When hemoglobin is exposed to oxygen, 1 molecule of oxygen becomes associated with each heme group. Carbon dioxide is also transported, but it attaches to the amino groups of the globin molecule. Carbon dioxide is also transported, but it attaches to the amino groups of the globin molecule.

End of Day 1