Announcements Note: We are one day behind on syllabus Contracts?  What is “Ch. 7 ( )”? Group work: (carefully build team contract) “Marriage is hard work” meet/eat/speak + “More brains” teach/don’t compete (don’t be a tourist, this is a residential college) Who already started writing their paper? Tips on DRAFT1: find sections (p.99), focus, consult “I to A”, science=prediction, turnitin.com

Pre-test: Experimental Design (so last time we were here…)

Do you have a course right after (or before) this class on Thursdays? A.(10min after) I have a class that starts at 4:10pm Thursdays (that is not held in Holmes Hall) B.(10min prior) I have a class that ends at 2:30pm on Thursdays (that is not held in Holmes Hall) C.(20min prior) I have a class that ends at 2:20pm on Thursdays (that is not held in Holmes Hall). D.(BOTH) I have both “A” and “B” E.I have none of the above.

What “Thursday” solution do you favor? A.Intermission option: We stop 10 min. before the end and let folks quickly leave & then resume class. B.5-minute shift: Start 5 min. early + end 5 min. early C.10-minute shift: Start 10 m. early + end 10 m. early D.No leaving early: Suck it up, this is 2:40-4pm dude. E.I have another idea and want to discuss it.

Which “Thursday” solution do you favor? A.Intermission option: We stop 10 min. before the end and let folks quickly leave & then resume class. B.5-minute shift: Start 5 min. early + end 5 min. early C.10-minute shift: Start 10 m. early + end 10 m. early D.I can do any of those, none are impossible for me.

Which solution is impossible for you? A.Intermission option: We stop 10 min. before the end and let folks quickly leave & then resume class. B.5-minute shift: Start 5 min. early + end 5 min. early C.10-minute shift: Start 10 m. early + end 10 m. early D.I can do any of those, none are impossible for me.

Back to Biology So let’s try to remember what the reading was about….

Hemoglobin The Body’s Oxygen Shuttle (and more) 280M

Wild-type hemoglobin DNA mRNA Mutant hemoglobin DNA mRNA CCTC C T G G A G G A AG G GG U Normal hemoglobinSickle-cell hemoglobin Glu Val

Primary structure Secondary and tertiary structures Quaternary structure Normal hemoglobin (top view) Primary structure Secondary and tertiary structures Quaternary structure Function  subunit Molecules do not associate with one another; each carries oxygen. Red blood cell shape Normal red blood cells are full of individual hemoglobin moledules, each carrying oxygen. 10 µm Normal hemoglobin     Val His Leu ThrPro Glu Red blood cell shape  subunit Exposed hydrophobic region Sickle-cell hemoglobin   Molecules interact with one another and crystallize into a fiber; capacity to carry oxygen is greatly reduced.   Fibers of abnormal hemoglobin deform red blood cell into sickle shape. 10 µm Sickle-cell hemoglobin GluPro Thr Leu His Val

0–2.5% Distribution of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum (a parasitic unicellular eukaryote) Frequencies of the sickle-cell allele 2.5–5.0% 7.5–10.0% 5.0–7.5% >12.5% 10.0–12.5%

0–2.5% Distribution of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum (a parasitic unicellular eukaryote) Frequencies of the sickle-cell allele 2.5–5.0% 7.5–10.0% 5.0–7.5% >12.5% 10.0–12.5% Benefits of sickle cell?

Normal allele Sickle-cell allele Large fragment (b) Electrophoresis of restriction fragments from normal and sickle-cell alleles 201 bp 175 bp 376 bp (a) DdeI restriction sites in normal and sickle-cell alleles of  -globin gene Normal  -globin allele Sickle-cell mutant  -globin allele DdeI Large fragment 376 bp 201 bp 175 bp DdeI

In the Reading for today, what were the researchers doing to treat sickle cell?

What’s the story, the hypothesis and was it supported?

What is the HYPOTHESIS?

What is a molecular HYPOTHESIS? (p94)

What is the HYPOTHESIS?

What’s the story, the hypothesis and was it supported?

What is the HYPOTHESIS?

What’s the story, the hypothesis and was it supported?

What is the HYPOTHESIS?

What’s the story, the hypothesis and was it supported?

What is the HYPOTHESIS?

What’s the story, the hypothesis and was it supported?

What is the HYPOTHESIS?

Prepare Paper “Structure” “Function” Pre-test