HAPPY WEDNESDAY Bellwork: On Page 40 of your I.A.N. On Your bellwork write “Test Review” Copy down EXACTLY what you see on the screen. Make two columns. You do NOT need to skip lines. Station 7: 1. Station 8: 1. Station 9: Station 10: Station 11: Station 12: Station 13: Station 14: 1. Station 15: Station 1: Station 2: 1. Station 3: Station 4: Station 5: Station 6: Name:

Station 1: What are cells that can become any type of cell? 1: stem cells What is the difference between bone cells and muscle cells? 2: gene expression

Station 2: A sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base make up what type of monomer? Draw and label the following picture and answer the question. 1. nucleotide

Station 3: What is the main function of each biomolecule? Lipid Nucleic Acid Protein Carbohydrate Long-term energy Transmit genetic information Form muscles and bones Quick energy

Station 4: Answer the following questions. An enzyme is a biological catalyst, can (can/cannot) be used over and over again, reduces (reduces/increases) the activation energy, and only fit with one (one/many) type(s) of substrate.

Station 5: Complete the mRNA strand for the DNA sequence below. ATA – ATC – GAG – AGA – TTC – AAT – CGC UAU – UAG – CUC – UCU – AAG – UUA – GCG What is the amino acid sequence from the previous mRNA strand? Tyr - Stop - Leu - Ser - Lys - Leu - Ala

Station 6: Label the following for the Central Dogma DNA 2.mRNA 3.Protein 4. Transcription 5. Translation

Station 7: Answer the question below in 1 sentence. All living things have DNA, but not all living things have the same DNA. Knowing this, what does the DNA of all living things have in common? Same 4 nitrogenous bases (A T C G)

Station 8: Which of the following DNA strands would not produce the amino acid sequence show below? Pro – Phe – Val a. GGA AAG CAG CCU UUC GUC Pro – Phe - Val b. GGG AAG CAC CCC UUC GUG Pro – Phe - Val c. GGT AAT CAT CCA UUA GUA Pro – Leu – Val d. GGG AAA CAC CCC UUU GUG Pro – Phe - Val

Station 9: Fill in the blanks below. Mitosis is the process of creating 2 identical NUCLEI (nuclei/cells). Cytokinesis is the process of creating 2 identical CELLS (nuclei/cells).

Station 10: What is a change or a mistake in the DNA? MUTATION The two types of mutations are POINT MUTATION = 1 change (substitution) FRAMESHIFT MUTATION = more than 1 change (addition or deletion)

Station 11: What amino acid do each strand code for? 1. GGA AAG CAG GAU Gly – Lys – Glu - Asp 2. GGA AAG CAG GAU Gly – Lys – Glu - Asp 3. GGA AAU CAC GAU Gly – Asp – His - Asp Which mRNA strand had the biggest mutation? 3

Station 12: During mitosis, two IDENTICAL (identical/non- identical) copies of the daughter cell is made from one original parent cell. If the parent cell has 26 chromosomes, how many chromosomes do each daughter cell have? ?? Parent Cell Daughter Cells

Station 13: During each phase of the Cell Cycle, what happens in….. G1: Grow S: DNA Replication G2: Prepare for Mitosis M: Division of the Nuclei G1 PhaseS PhaseG2 PhaseM Phase

Station 14: The rabbit on the left lives in temperature of 20 degrees Celsius or less. The rabbit on the left lives in temperatures of 30 degrees Celsius or more. What type of factors help express the genes for black tips? Environmental Factors

Station 15: What are the four stages of mitosis? Draw and label the pictures ProphaseMetaphase AnaphaseTelophase

In 1917 the biologist Thomas Hunt Morgan conducted studies in which he kept some caterpillars in the dark and placed other under red, green, or blue lights. Exposure to red light produced butterflies with brightly colored wings. Exposure to green light resulted in dark-colored wins. Exposure to blue light or no light resulted in pale-colored wings. What was the most likely conclusion of Morgan’s research? a) The pigment in butterfly wings absorbs light from the environment b)The phenotypic expression of wing shape depends on color pigmentation in butterflies. c)The genes regulating wing color in butterflies are influenced by environmental factors. d)Caterpillars exposed to red and green light are healthier than caterpillars exposed to no light or blue light.

Hemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells. The hemoglobin molecules produced by some people have one specific amino acid that is different from the amino acid at that position in normal hemoglobin. Which is the most likely cause? a)the hemoglobin gene contains a mutation b)an error occurs during the folding of the hemoglobin protein c)enzymes replace the amino acid once the hemoglobin is produced d)an error occurred during the M phase of the cell cycle

The mold Aspergillus flavus grows on grain. A. flavus produces a toxin that binds to DNA in the bodies of animals that eat the grain. The binding of the toxin to DNA blacks the process of transcription, so it directly interferes with the animal’s ability to do which of the following? a)Transport glucose across the cell membrane b)Produce ATP using energy released from glucose c)Transfer proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex d)Send mRNA from the nucleus to the ribosomes