ARISTOTELION UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY FACULTY OF RURAL AND SURVEYING ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION AND HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING TECHNICAL SECRETARIAT OF THE STEERING COMMITTEE STATUS REPORT OF THE PAN- EUROPEAN CORRIDOR X April 2002 Technical Secretariat Pan-European Transport Corridor X

CORRIDOR X ALIGNMENT Main Axis: Salzburg – Ljubljana – Zagreb – Beograd – Nis – Skopje – Veles – Thessaloniki Branch A: Graz (Austria) – Maribor (Slovenia) – Zagreb (Croatia) Branch B: Budapest (Hungary) – Novi Sad (F.R. Yugoslavia) – Beograd (F.R. Yugoslavia) Branch C: Nis (F.R. Yugoslavia) – Sofia (Bulgaria) and further via Corridor IV to Istanbul Branch D: Veles (F.Y.R.O.M.) – Bitola (F.Y.R.O.M.) – Florina (Greece) and further via Florina – Kozani (via Egnatia) to Igoumenitsa

GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT ROAD CORRIDOR X Road Corridor X consists of a total length of 2299,6 km, as follows: Road Corridor X consists of a total length of 2299,6 km, as follows:  Main Axis: 1451,4 km  Branch A: 163,4 km  Branch B: 352,9 km  Branch C: 191,8 km  Branch D: 140,1 km Permitted maximum speed along the road axis: 120km/h (in most of the parts). Permitted maximum speed along the road axis: 120km/h (in most of the parts). The axis consists of highways or motorways. The axis consists of highways or motorways. 53,8% of the road network consists of motorways. 53,8% of the road network consists of motorways. 32,7% of the Corridor X road network will be reconstructed or upgraded by the end of ,7% of the Corridor X road network will be reconstructed or upgraded by the end of 2005.

GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT RAIL CORRIDOR X Rail Corridor X consists of a total length of 2528,2 km, as follows: Rail Corridor X consists of a total length of 2528,2 km, as follows:  Main Axis: 1742,3 km  Branch A: 154,3 km  Branch B: 305,6 km  Branch C: 161,0 km  Branch D: 165,0 km The whole axis consists of single and double tracks lines per direction in a proportion of 64% and 36% respectively The whole axis consists of single and double tracks lines per direction in a proportion of 64% and 36% respectively 89% of the total length of the Axis is electrified. 89% of the total length of the Axis is electrified. 10% of the Corridor X rail network will be reconstructed or upgraded by the end of % of the Corridor X rail network will be reconstructed or upgraded by the end of 2010.

 The road main Corridor X and branch A is generally in good geometrical, maintenance and operational condition, and it consists of highways and motorways, in a proportion of 28,4% and 71,6% respectively.  At the moment 66,4% of the main Corridor X and branch A has been constructed with two lanes per direction and is characterized by operational speed over 100km/h. Works are taking place concerning the upgrade and the rehabilitation of the axis.  The rail network (both main and branch A) of this northern part of the Corridor is in accordance to the road one, but branch A does not run through Croatia. It consists of 65,2% dual-track infrastructure, and maintenance is considered medium in Croatia and high in Austria and Slovenia.  The running time for passenger trains on the main part of the corridor in Slovenia is 2,5 hours and for freight is 3 hours. The delays observed at the Dobova (Slovenian- Croatian border) custom control are usually 0,5 hours for the passenger trains and 1 hour for freight trains.  Delays at the other border crossings are estimated to be 30 min maximum for passenger trains.  For the freight trains the maximum delay observed at the Austrian-Slovenian and the Croatian-Yugoslavian borders is approximately 1 hour. MAIN RESULTS OF THE SURVEY: General description of the existing situation (1/2)

 Hungary’s part of Corridor X is branch B that links Budapest to Belgrade. In a total length of 353km, the branch consists of motorways (97km) and highways (256km), with permitted speed that varies between km/h. The Hungarian part will be fully constructed as motorway by the end of  The rail branch B of the corridor ends up at Novi Sad (upgrade needed has been estimated to be completed by 2010).  The running time in the Hungarian territory is 3 hours for passenger trains and 5 hours for freight trains.  The delays at the Hungarian-Yugoslavian border (Kelebia) are 50 min for passenger trains and min for freight trains.  The rail Corridor X infrastructure has been estimated to be reconstructed/upgraded by the year 2010 in Yugoslavia, and by the year 2004 in Bulgaria. It should be mentioned that the traction system of branch C is not electrified but diesel.  More than half of the road Corridor X in F.Y.R.O.M. and in Greece is not a motorway. It ends up to Thessaloniki and to Florina through its branch D. It also crosses with Egnatia. The rail infrastructure is 100% single track. At present, the delay for the border crossing from F.Y.R.O.M. to Greece has been estimated to be 5 hours. MAIN RESULTS OF THE SURVEY: General description of the existing situation (2/2)

Hungary: 100% motorways Hungary: 100% motorways Yugoslavia: 100% motorways Yugoslavia: 100% motorways Croatia, Slovenia: Almost 100% motorways Croatia, Slovenia: Almost 100% motorways Main axis: 90% motorways (+18%) Main axis: 90% motorways (+18%) Branch Α: 90% motorways (+35%) Branch Α: 90% motorways (+35%) Branch B: 100% motorways (+72%) Branch B: 100% motorways (+72%) Branch C: 74% motorways (+48%) Branch C: 74% motorways (+48%) Branch D: No improvement Branch D: No improvement MAIN RESULTS OF THE SURVEY: Road Corridor X expected situation by the year 2005

Main axis: +10% double track alignment Main axis: +10% double track alignment Branch Α: +10% double track alignment Branch Α: +10% double track alignment Branch B: +49% double track alignment Branch B: +49% double track alignment Branch C: +53% electrified lines Branch C: +53% electrified lines Branch D: +88,5% electrified lines Branch D: +88,5% electrified lines Hungary: 100% double track alignment Hungary: 100% double track alignment Yugoslavia: slide increase of double tracks Yugoslavia: slide increase of double tracks F.Y.R.O.Μ.: Full electrification F.Y.R.O.Μ.: Full electrification Greece: increase of double tracks (Main axis) Greece: increase of double tracks (Main axis) MAIN RESULTS OF THE SURVEY: Rail Corridor X expected situation by the year 2010

CONCLUSIONS (1/2) PAN-EUROPEAN RAIL CORRIDOR X PAN-EUROPEAN RAIL CORRIDOR X –35,8% is double track (this means that about 2/3 of the railway axis need to be improved in terms of double track infrastructure). –11,3% still needs electrification. PAN-EUROPEAN ROAD CORRIDOR X PAN-EUROPEAN ROAD CORRIDOR X –46,2% is single carriageway. SITUATION PER COUNTRY SITUATION PER COUNTRY The whole railway network (Main part and branches) in Austria, Hungary and Slovenia is now electrified, while the respective percentage is 84,3% in Croatia, 88,1% in Yugoslavia, 74,1% in Bulgaria, 60,7% in F.Y.R.O.M. and 81,2% in Greece. The transformation of the existing road network to motorway standards is a more crucial task in some countries where more than half of the road network is not a motorway nowadays (e.g., in Slovenia 59,5%, in Croatia 25,9%, in Yugoslavia 52,2%, in Hungary 41,9%, in F.Y.R.O.M. 63,8% and in Greece 51%). The transformation of the existing road network to motorway standards is a more crucial task in some countries where more than half of the road network is not a motorway nowadays (e.g., in Slovenia 59,5%, in Croatia 25,9%, in Yugoslavia 52,2%, in Hungary 41,9%, in F.Y.R.O.M. 63,8% and in Greece 51%).

CONCLUSIONS (2/2) The improvement of the current infrastructure does not necessarily mean the overall improvement in the operation of the Corridor, unless specific measures are implemented at cross border stations. The improvement of the current infrastructure does not necessarily mean the overall improvement in the operation of the Corridor, unless specific measures are implemented at cross border stations. Therefore special attention must be paid to the improvement of the cross border stations processes since substantial benefits can be obtained at relatively low cost. Therefore special attention must be paid to the improvement of the cross border stations processes since substantial benefits can be obtained at relatively low cost. Generally, the delays at the border-crossings along Corridor X must be reduced according to the AGTC treaty (European Agreement on Important International Combined Transport Lines and Related Installations), which imposes a maximum delay limit of 30 minutes. Generally, the delays at the border-crossings along Corridor X must be reduced according to the AGTC treaty (European Agreement on Important International Combined Transport Lines and Related Installations), which imposes a maximum delay limit of 30 minutes. Corridor X should be upgraded at fully operational level through the cooperation and coordination of the concerned countries, in the framework of the stabilization process in the Southeastern Europe and the European Union, and in order to serve the international transportation. Corridor X should be upgraded at fully operational level through the cooperation and coordination of the concerned countries, in the framework of the stabilization process in the Southeastern Europe and the European Union, and in order to serve the international transportation. Cooperation in the sector of transportation and economic activities will bring the nations together, harmonize their relationships and contribute to a common set of objectives for the development of the region. Cooperation in the sector of transportation and economic activities will bring the nations together, harmonize their relationships and contribute to a common set of objectives for the development of the region. Common will for stability and development, should open the horizons for a global utilization of Corridor X not only by the neighboring countries but countries of other continents too. Common will for stability and development, should open the horizons for a global utilization of Corridor X not only by the neighboring countries but countries of other continents too.

ROAD SECTIONS FACING THE MOST IMPORTANT PROBLEMS Main axis  Bic – Visnja Gora (Slovenia) 75,5km Estimated completion by 2004 (construction of motorway) Velika Kopanica – Zupanja (Croatia) 24,15km Construction of motorway in progress (earthworks completed) – Expected to be completed within 2001  Zupanja – Lipovac (Croatia) 29,43km Construction not in progress – Expected to be completed by 2005  Belgrade bypass (F.R. Yugoslavia: Dobanovci – Bubanj Potok) 35,5km  Lescovac (F.R. Yugoslavia) – Kumanovo (F.Y.R.O.M.) 127,1km  Gevgelija – Axios Canyon (F.Y.R.O.M.) 44,5km Branch A  Maribor – Gruskovje (Slovenia) 38,8km Completion by 2004 (construction of motorway)  Makelj – Krapina (Croatia) 19,4km Branch B  Kiskunfelegyhaza – Rozske (Hungary) 60km Construction will commence in 2003 (closed motorway)  Horgos – Batajnica (F.R. Yugoslavia) 176km  Belgrade bypass (F.R. Yugoslavia: Batajnica - Dobanovci) 10 Km Branch C  Nis – Kalotina (F.R. Yugoslavia) 104km Construction of a 98km motorway will commence in 2003  Kalotina – Sofia (Bulgaria) 49km (except Sofia ring-road) Branch D  Veles – Prilep – Bitola (F.Y.R.O.M.) 104,6km

AxisLength (Km) Cost (millions  ) Main Axis312922,5 Branch A58,2180 Branch B Branch C Total769,22290,5 Branch D105n.a. CountryLength (Km) Cost (millions  ) FYROM (except D) 51,5135,5 FRY445,61295 Croatia48,8150 Slovenia114,3370 Hungary60180 Bulgaria49160 Total769,22290,5 COST ESTIMATION FOR ROAD SECTIONS FACING THE MOST IMPORTANT PROBLEMS

ARISTOTELION UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY FACULTY OF RURAL AND SURVEYING ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION AND HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING TECHNICAL SECRETARIAT OF THE STEERING COMMITTEE PARTS OF ROAD CORRIDOR X FACING THE MOST IMPORTANT PROBLEMS April 2002 Technical Secretariat Pan-European Transport Corridor X

Slovenia: Bic – Obrezje (S/C border): 75,5km Croatia: Velika Kopanica – Zupanja: 24,15km Croatia: Zupanja – Lipovac (C/Y border): 29,43km F.R. Yugoslavia: Belgrade bypass: 45,5km Lescovac (F.R. Yugoslavia) – Kumanovo (F.Y.R.O.M.): 127,1km Axios Canyon (F.Y.R.O.M.): 44,5km A. MAIN PART OF CORRIDOR X F.R. Yugoslavia: Horgos (Hungary border) – Batajnica (Belgrade): 176km Hungary: Kiskunfelegyhaza – Szeged – Roszke (H/Y border): 60km B. BRANCHES OF CORRIDOR X Branch B F.R. Yugoslavia: Nis – Dimitrovgrad (F.R. Yugoslavia): 104km Bulgaria: Kalotina (Y/B border) – Sofia (Beginning of Ring Road, North Arc): 49km Branch C F.Y.R.O.M.: Veles – Prilep – Bitola (F.Y.R.O.M.): 104,6km Branch D Slovenia: Maribor – Gruskovje (S/C border): 38,8km Croatia: Makelj (S/C border) – Krapina: 19,4km Branch A

A. MAIN PART OF CORRIDOR X (SLOVENIA)

A. MAIN PART OF CORRIDOR X (CROATIA)

A. MAIN PART OF CORRIDOR X (F.R. YUGOSLAVIA)

A. MAIN PART OF CORRIDOR X (F.Y.R.O.M.)

B. BRANCH A OF CORRIDOR X (SLOVENIA)

B. BRANCH A OF CORRIDOR X (CROATIA)

B. BRANCH B OF CORRIDOR X (F.R. YUGOSLAVIA)

B. BRANCH B OF CORRIDOR X (HUNGARY)

B. BRANCH C OF CORRIDOR X (F.R. YUGOSLAVIA)

B. BRANCH C OF CORRIDOR X (BULGARIA)

B. BRANCH D OF CORRIDOR X (F.Y.R.O.M.)

ARISTOTELION UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY FACULTY OF RURAL AND SURVEYING ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION AND HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING Technical Secretariat Pan-European Transport Corridor X TECHNICAL SECRETARIAT OF THE STEERING COMMITTEE PARTS OF RAIL CORRIDOR X FACING THE MOST IMPORTANT PROBLEMS April 2002

RAIL SECTIONS FACING THE MOST IMPORTANT PROBLEMS Main axis  Zagreb – Belgrade (F.R. Yugoslavia) 421km Construction of the missing track – Reconstruction of stations and bridges  Tabanovce – Skopje – Gevgelija (F.Y.R.O.M.) 215km Reconstruction and capital overhaul  Idomeni – Thessaloniki (Greece) 76,6km Branch B  Budapest – Kelebia (Hungary) 156km Modernization of the line  Subotica – Novi Sad – Belgrade (F.R. Yugoslavia) 149,6km Construction of the missing track – Reconstruction of stations and bridges Branch C  Kalotina – Sofia (Bulgaria) 57km Reconstruction of the line for 160km/h Branch D  Veles – Prilep – Bitola – Kremenika (F.Y.R.O.M.) 146km  Mesonision – Florina (Greece) 19km

Country Cost (millions  ) Source FYROM20Actual estimations FRY108Actual estimations Slovenia1.349,40TINA Final Report 1999 Hungary406,10TINA Final Report 1999 Bulgaria45TINA Final Report 1999 Total 1.928,5 COST ESTIMATION FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF RAIL SECTIONS

Branch C: Nis-Dimitrovgrad (103,9km) Diesel traction system Branch B: Subotica-Novi Sad-Beogad (149,6km) Single track Main Axis: Croatian Border-Beogad (119,5km) Max permitted speed 50km/h on the railway line to the borders

Branch D: Bitola-Kremenika (16,704km) Diesel traction system Single track Branch D: Veles-Bitola (129,325km) Diesel traction system Single track Main Axis: Tabanovce-Gevgelija (215,718km) Single track

EXISTING SITUATION OF RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE IN F.R. YUGOSLAVIA AND F.Y.R.O.M. (attention should be given to the shaded cells)

TRAFFIC FLOWS IN F.R. YUGOSLAVIA AND F.Y.R.O.M.

STUDIES FOR UPGRADING RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE IN F.R. YUGOSLAVIA AND F.Y.R.O.M.