Assessment and future challenges for Pan-European Corridors IV, V, and VII Dr. Vasileios Zeimpekis Design, Operations & Productions Systems Lab Department of Financial & Management Engineering University of the Aegean 11th Southeast European Freight Forwarders and Logistics Providers Congress «SOUTHEAST EUROPEAN INTERMODALITY» 16 th & 17 th May, 2013

Agenda The GIFT project: Main aim & objectives Assessment Methodology List of Key Performance Indicators Assessment results Proposals for green intermodal freight transport in the S.E.E. region

Main aim & objectives. The main aim of the current project is: – to map, analyze, and evaluate the status of the transport sector in the GIFT transport network, – propose new policies and strategies in infrastructure, processes, assets, ICT, legislation, norms and harmonization/ standardization issues, and – Develop tools & methodologies for CO 2 emissions monitoring …..in order to promote innovative green intermodal freight transport corridors. Main objectives – Identify current status of the freight transport sector – Improve interoperability and intermodality of freight transport on land, IWW, and sea – Identify green corridors in the SEE region by promoting technical innovation and a shift towards the least polluting and most efficient modes of transport – Develop an ICT tool for CO 2 footprint monitoring & certification – Develop agreements & MoUs on multi-modal connections

Assessment methodology o Use of KPIs for the assessment of the corridors based on 6 categories: service quality & efficiency, infrastructure, environmental sustainability, ICT, and Transport market/ Business players o Collection of data from : o EUROSTAT, EL.STAT., OECD o Operational data from Key players /stakeholders from S.E.E. region o EU reports and National Transport studies/roadmaps o Data from NGOs and Int. Organizations (π.χ. W.H.O) o Studies from consulting companies (McKinsey, Deloitte) o Use of transportation models for the calculation of results in Corridor Level

Categorization of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) Service Efficiency Relative unit cost Transport time Frequency of service Service Quality Delay risk Cargo loss Cargo damage Reliability Environmental Sustainability Noise Protection Polluter CO 2 Polluter SO 2 Infrastructure Refueling stations Infrastructure charges Number of accidents Electrification Capacity utilization Transport market- Business players Corridor Competitiveness Corridor Freight market ICT Cargo monitoring

Assessment Results (1/3) Service Efficiency Relative unit cost (EUR/ton-Km) Transport time (h/100Km) Frequency of service (no. of services/week) Service Quality Delay risk (min/100Km) Cargo loss Scale (1-4) Cargo damage Scale (1-4) Reliability (%) Corridor IV Corridor V Corridor VII Road Rail Road Rail Road Rail 30 9 Road Rail Road Rail 2121 Road Rail 2121 Road Rail Road Rail Road Rail Road Rail Road Rail * Road Rail 1*11*1 Road Rail 2121 Road Rail * Italy is not included IWW 0.02 IWW 10 IWW Romania is not included IWW IWW Hungary and Romania not included 3 Serbia is not included

Assessment results (2/3) Corridor IV Corridor V Corridor VII Infrastructure Refueling stations (stations/Km) Infrastructure charges Number of accidents (%) Capacity utilization Electrification (%) ICT Cargo monitoring Road 0.06 Road (€/km) Rail (€/ton-km) Road (serious) Road (non-serious) Rail (serious) Rail (non-serious) Road (HCM)* Rail (%) Rail 89.3 * HCM-> Road capacity expressed in HCM level of service (A, B, C, D, E, F) / 2: describes reasonable free-flow operations Road Rail Road 0.09 Road (€/km) Rail (€/ton-km Road (serious) Road (non-serious) Rail (serious) Rail (non-serious) Road (HCM)* Rail (%) Rail Italy is not Included 2 Slovakia is not included 3 Slovakia and Croatia are included Road Rail -- IWW N/A IWW (€/ton-km) 0.01 IWW (serious) IWW (non-serious) IWW (%) IWW N/A 1 Serbia and Hungary are not included 2 Serbia is not included Road Rail --

Assessment results (3/3) Corridor IV Corridor V Corridor VII Environmental Sustainability Noise Protection (Scale 1-5) Polluter CO 2 (gr/tn-Km) Polluter SO 2 (gr/tn-Km) Transport market- Business players Corridor Competitiveness (no. of providers) Corridor Freight market (%) of annual turnover that comes from international transport Road Rail 2* Road Rail Road Rail * : Scale 2 -> 20% - 40% protected population along the section Rail 3 Road Rail Road Rail Road Rail Road Rail Slovakia is included 2 Italy is not included and Slovakia is included Rail Italy is not included IWW IWW Slovakia is included IWW Romania is not Included

Proposals for green intermodal freight transport in the S.E.E. region Infrastructure / State Finalization of the electrification of the rail network Simplification of custom formalities and minimization of borders-crossing time Establishment of logistics areas (Greece) Creation of new logistics hubs / freight villages that support combined transport operations Creation of a stable tax environment ICT Use of integrated information systems Track & trace Proof of Delivery (PoD) Rail network: Introduction of ERTMS Environment Financial incentives for new generation truck fleets (EURO V) Green certification and measurement of carbon footprint Shift to co-modality Stakeholders / Transport market Increase vehicle utilization by: o Decreasing the proportion of empty running miles  Increase authorized vehicle weights (44Tn trucks)  Deliver only when a truck is fully loaded o Increasing the payloads  Flexibility in pick-up & delivery time windows  Cooperation between logistics service providers Improve scheduling & routing

Dr. Vasileios Zeimpekis Design, Operations, & Production Systems Lab University of the Aegean Green Intermodal Freight Transport (GIFT) project