Personality Development Sigmund Freud psychodynamic theory psychosexual theory your unconscious mind matters ALOT affects our behavior, but we can’t talk about them

SIGMUND FREUD

Personality Development Childhood is very important events and problems were they solved? Have to be dealt with or serious problems down the road MAKE UP PERSONALITY

Personality Development Interplay of conscious and unconscious

3 Basic INSTINCTS EROS- life: food, water LIBIDO- especially SEX THANATOS- the death instincts Drive our behavior

3 LEVELS of CONSCIOUSNESS CONSCIOUS- going on now PRECONSCIOUS- easily dealt with UNCONSCIOUS- not easily recalled

PARTS of personality Id (pleasure principle) Superego (idealistic principle) Ego (reality principle)

ORAL STAGE Fixation- when you are “stuck” in a stage as an adult a. unresolved trauma b. liked it TOO much

TERMS YOU NEED Regression- go back in stages a trauma makes you seek your safety in an earlier stage

Freud’s Theory Early sexual problems need to be resolved 1. Oral stage (0-18 months) the mouth is most important feeding, sucking, noise-making

ORAL STAGE trauma: weaning/drinking timing, abruptness, needs scheduling if liked too much, will become FIXATED ORALLY FIXATED

FREUD’S STAGES 2. ANAL STAGE (18 months-3yrs.) concentrates on potty training experience, bowel control learning the concept of control is it successful or traumatic?

ANAL STAGE The ego reality principle is developing HOW PROGRESS? Anal Expulsive- trains easily, loves approval and harmony eager to give what YOU want

ANAL STAGE Anal retentive- the child refuses to train represses emotional response spiteful and aggressive id is dominant

ANAL STAGE TRAUMA Abruptness, strictness, punishment ashamed embarrassed- self-critical two results depending on the way that they potty trained

Anal stage fixations Expulsive- resembles low self-esteem. Do anything that can to please promiscuity Retentive- perfectionist, greedy, superiority, cold, pessimist

3. PHALLIC STAGE Begins about 3-about 5 The genitals are most important play with them! Sexual attraction…to the parent!

Phallic Stage Traumas 1. Playing “doctor” and getting caught and scolded excessive shame/guilt 2. Oedipus Complex-castration anxiety 3. Electra Complex-penis envy

Freud’s Stages Trauma SUPEREGO develops in the Phallic Stage 4. LATENT STAGE- kindergarten age (5-puberty) resting period

Freud’s Stages pleasure not from body Bonding & relations (friends) bring pleasure learn about the world girls, YUCK! ends at puberty

FREUD’S STAGES 5. GENITAL STAGE puberty new attention directed to the genitals Sexual attraction to others

FREUD’S STAGES Trauma- rejected by those we’re sexually attracted to Result: regression to latent stage

Criticisms to Freud 1. Cultural bias 2. Anti-woman 3. Just too dirty 4. Testing 5. CAN make changes after first 5 years

The Neo-Freudians Alfred Adler Carl Jung Karen Horney they followed Freud, but disagree on certain issues

Alfred Adler

Adler’s Theory Broke in 1911 over penis envy less sex drive, more motivation individual psychology

Adler’s Theory Looked at acrobats with injuries as a child we have an inferiority complex we are weak and vulnerable and must overcome

Adler’s Theory We have a natural striving for superiority our master plan is our style of life superiority takes many forms, manipulation?

Neo Freudians Your style of life should benefit all--> social focus long term implications about controlling your own problems and life

Carl Jung

Jung Broke with Freud over dream interpretation and sex. Concentrates on a person’s search for spiritual meaning and human culture continuing

JUNG Our major goal in life is to bring about unity

Carl Jung 3 levels of mind: conscious/ personal unconscious/ collective unconscious inherit some vague images from ancestors

Carl Jung Archetypes images similar across cultures, dreams, and hallucinations genetics? Tough to test...

Carl Jung Parts of personality Persona- (the mask) social front archetype what we THINK is accepted don’t want punishment

Carl Jung Shadow- impulsive, animalistic part of personality (evil archetype) alter-ego

Carl Jung Attitudes introvert- inwardly directed extrovert- outwardly directed.

Karen Horney

Horney Prime focus of behavior is not sexual-SECURITY! childhood and anxiety associated with it Society molds us Women and men envy each other a bit

Karen Horney Need to be a nurturing parent to ease basic anxiety NOT BE inconsistent, indifferent, hostile basic hostility to parents

Karen Horney 3 ways we interact 1. Move away from others if on your own, no one can hurt you 2. Move toward others don’t want anyone upset

Karen Horney 3. Moving against others having to be in charge Well adjusted- BALANCE Insecure- OVER USE ONE

THE HUMANISTS How are humans different from mere animals? FOCUS ON HERE AND NOW!!! Abraham Maslow and the “hierarchy of needs”

Maslow and Rogers

Self-Actualization “Making the full use and exploitation of talents, capacities, and potentialities.” Many don’t reach this

Carl Rogers People are innately good. Want to develop capabilities Often derailed Self concept- + or -?? Real self vs. ideal self