Diversity of Organisms and Classification. Classification of Organisms Kingdom Phylum / Division Class Order Family Genus Species.

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Presentation transcript:

Diversity of Organisms and Classification

Classification of Organisms Kingdom Phylum / Division Class Order Family Genus Species

n Why is the pyramid inverted?

Species n The smallest group of organisms classified which can interbreed with each other to produce fertile offspring n Scientific name : unique to all organisms n e.g. scientific name of: n human = Homo sapien n Sugar maple = _______________ (?) n Red maple = _______________ (?) n Striped maple = _______________ (?)

Six Kingdom System n Protists n Fungi n Animals n Plants n Archaebacteria n Eubacteria

All are made of cells n Membrane n Organelles “tiny organs” n DNA ( in or not in a nucleus)

A cell with a nucleus

A cell without a nucleus

All contain DNA

Multicellular tissue

Protists n Unicellular; microscopic n Nucleus present n Nucleus= “the Brain” of the cell; controls cell’s actions n Autotrophic (self-feeder, makes food by photosynthesis) or… n Heterotrophic (other-feeder)

Fungi n Have nuclei n Made up of hyphae –Stringy threads of cells n No root, stem and leaf n Saprophytic or parasitic –Saprophytic: feed on dead substances –Parasitic: obtain nutrients from living organisms

Animals n Have nuclei n Multi-cellular n Divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of backbone: –Invertebrates : without backbone –Vertebrates : with backbone –(Phylum Chordata)

Plants n Have nuclei n Multicellular n perform photosynthesis –Autotrophic – make own food n Can be divided into two groups: –Non-flowering plants –Flowering plants

Eubacteria n Unicellular, microscopic n No nucleus n Saprophytic or parasitic –Saprophytic: feed on dead substances –Parasitic: obtain nutrients from living organisms

Archaebacteria n “Ancient” bacteria n Unicellular, microscopic n No nucleus n Heterotrophic (other feeder, or … n Autotrophic (self-feeder)