1 1- Flow System Technology تقنية النظام المستمر VII- Flow Manufacturing Systems نظام التصنيع المستمر IE 469 Manufacturing Systems 469 صنع نظم التصنيع.

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Presentation transcript:

1 1- Flow System Technology تقنية النظام المستمر VII- Flow Manufacturing Systems نظام التصنيع المستمر IE 469 Manufacturing Systems 469 صنع نظم التصنيع

2 1a- definition تعريف: نظام التصنيع الكبير It is a line of connected number of specialized machines/workstation by suitable handling system based on a sequence of operations to produce a product. هو خط إنتاج مكون من عدد من الماكينات او محطات العمل المتخصصة لأسلوب صناعي (تجميع- تحويل- فحص- تعبئة- فصل--), وترتبط مع بعضها بمعدات مناولة مناسبة بناءا على تتابع العمليات لإنتاج منتج Finished Part Raw Matl. A- Flow system without Buffer Buffer Finished Part Raw Matl. B- Flow system with Buffer

3 1b- definition تعريف: نظام التصنيع الكبير The line is used for the following cases: يستخدم خط الإنتاج المستمر في حالة High demand طلب عالي للمنتج Stable product design تصميم مستقر للمنتج Long product life cycle دورة عمر طويلة للمنتج Several sequenced operation تعدد العمليات للإنتاج The line achieve the following ويحقق الخط التالي Low labour cost خفض في تكلفة العمالة Low product cost خفض في تكلفة المنتج Reduce WIP خفض التخزين بين العمليات High production rate معدلات إنتاج عالية Specialized & standardized operations التخصص والقياس للعمليات الصناعية Integrated operations التكامل بين العمليات Factory layout Area reduction خفض في مساحات المصنع

4 2a- flow line types أنواع نظام خطوط أساليب التصنيع الكبير نظام بخط In-Line Type Finished Part Raw Matl. Preferable for Larger work-pieces Larger number of work stations Buffer Storage to smooth out irregularities

5 2b- flow line types أنواع نظام خطوط أساليب التصنيع الكبير نظام دائري Rotary Type Finished Part Raw Matl Limited to smaller work- pieces Limited to fewer stations Do not lend to provide buffer storage Low cost equipment Less Factory space floor

6 2c- flow line types أنواع نظام خطوط أساليب التصنيع الكبير

7 2d- flow line types أنواع نظام خطوط أساليب التصنيع الكبير

8 2e- flow line types أنواع نظام خطوط أساليب التصنيع الكبير

9 2f- flow line types أنواع نظام خطوط أساليب التصنيع الكبير

10 3a- Work-part Transport methods طرق انتقال المشغولة بين المحطات Factors affecting selection of transfer method العوامل المؤثرة في اختيار طريقة الانتقال The types of operation The number of stations The weight and size of the work-parts including manual stations Production rate requirement Balancing the various process time

11 3b- Work-part Transport methods طرق انتقال المشغولة بين المحطات 1- Continuous Transfer الانتقال المستمرة Work-piece moves continuously. This Requires continuous Work head move; (Beverage bottling Operation-Manual assembly). But not always possible 2- Intermittent/Synchronous Transfer الانتقال المتقطعة/المتزامنة Discontinuous transport motion of Work-piece. Work stations are fixed and work piece moves to proper locations at work head for processing. All parts are moved and processed at same time in synchronous motion.

12 3c- Work-part Transport methods طرق انتقال المشغولة بين المحطات 3- Asynchronous Transfer الانتقال الغير المتزامنة Work-piece moves independently after processing at current station to next station. Some parts are being moved and other parts are being processed at same time. Greater flexibility is offered for processing time variation and line balance, by allowing In-process storage and parallel stations in the line. But the cycle time is increased.

13 3d- Work-part Transport methods طرق انتقال المشغولة بين المحطات 4- Pallet Fixture منصات تحميل المشغولات Work-piece is attached to pallet fixture to carry work-piece through sequence of operations. It transfer the work-piece and helps Positioning and locating at the machine.

14 2- conveyer System 4a- Transfer Mechanisms آليات الانتقال 1- Linear Transfer Mechanisms آليات الانتقال الخطي 1- Walking Beam

15 4b- Transfer Mechanisms آليات الانتقال معادلة آلية الانتقال الخطي Walking Beam Geometry h s = Lifting Height d s = Distance between work- stations b = Walking beam size (10 h s ) S min = Minimum piston stroke S max = Maximum piston stroke

16 4c- Transfer Mechanisms آليات الانتقال 2- Mechanisms Rotary Transfer آليات الانتقال الدائري 1-Rack and Pinion 2-Ratchet and Pawl 3-Geneva 4- Cam

17 4d- Transfer Mechanisms آليات الانتقال wi wd rdrd Driver Driven wheel Pin to index driven wheel QiQi معادلة آلية جينيفا Mechanisms Geneva

18 QiQi wiwi QdQd wdwd 4e- Transfer Mechanisms آليات الانتقال riri rdrd qiqi qdqd معادلة آلية جينيفا Mechanisms Geneva

19 4f- Transfer Mechanisms آليات الانتقال QdQd wdwd QiQi wiwi riri rdrd qiqi qdqd معادلة آلية جينيفا Mechanisms Geneva

20 4g- Transfer Mechanisms آليات الانتقال rdrd riri Q i /2Q d /2 C d a معادلة آلية جينيفا Mechanisms Geneva

21 4h- Transfer Mechanisms آليات الانتقال Find motor speed, if a rotary system requires three work-station with cycle time of 0.5 min. Assume, the indexer wheel diameter equal to 12 in. Indexing angle, Distance between drive and index centers, Drive diameter, Since the non-drive must correspond to cycle time, the rotation of drive motor can be: Drive angle, In this case, the drive motor rotate every 36 sec. For constant speed motor the ratio of time spend in processing to time spent indexing = 300:60. Example for Geneva mechanism مثال لمعادلة آلية جينيفا

22 5-1a- Assembly system أنواع نظام خطوط التجميع Assembly line resemble the process line and the difference lie in the nature of work activity as follow. Assembly station is designed according Line Balancing to carry assembly process (s) such that: parts are fed to each station by feeder mechanisms A base part is fixed on pallet and transported through the stations to carry assembly operation of parts. نظام بخط In-Line Type Base Part Finish Prod. تتماثل أنواع محطات خط التجميع والانتقال بينها مع خطوط أساليب التصنيع, والاختلاف بينها يكمن في طبيعة العمل وتصمم كل محطة تجميع للقيام بمهمة أو مهام لأساليب تجميعية باتزان الخطوط حيث الأجزاء تقدم للمحطة لعملية التجميع بحيث: تستقبل المحطة الأجزاء إلى المحطة بواسطة آليات تقديم لإتمام عمليات التجميع تثبت قاعدة أساسية على منصة تحميل تتحرك بين المحطات ليتم عليه التجميع

23 5-1b- Assembly system أنواع نظام خطوط التجميع Labor intensive conveyer assembly Robot assisted assembly

24 5-1c- Assembly system أنواع نظام خطوط التجميع Gillette safety razor (A) Half cap sub- assembly (B) Final assembly Sequence of Half cap sub-assembly Load FeedSnap Unload Feed Snap

25 5-1d- Assembly system أنواع نظام خطوط التجميع نظام دائري Dial Type Base Part Finish Prod. 4 نظام دائري Carousel Type نظام محطة تجميع واحدة Single station assembly Base Part Finish Prod.

26 5-2a – work transfer system أنظمة الانتقال بين المحطات System configuration Stationary base part Work transfer system ContinuousSynchronousAsynchronous DialNoYes No In-lineNoYes CarouselNoYes Single-stationYesNo

27 5-3a- Part feeder to base part انتقال القطع لقاعدة التجميع

28 5-3b- Part feeder to base part انتقال القطع لقاعدة التجميع 1- Hopper: Bulk container for a type of component and initially oriented. 1a- Part feeder: A mechanism that removes the parts from the hopper one a time for delivery. Vibratory Bowl Feeder Center-board Bowl Feeder

29 5-3c- Part feeder to base part انتقال القطع لقاعدة التجميع 2- Selector and Orientor: They establish the proper orientation of the component. Use of light source for part orientation (a) Selector (b) Orientor

30 Placement onto index Table 5-3d- Part feeder to base part انتقال القطع لقاعدة التجميع 3- Feeder track: It transfers the component from the Hopper and selector to the escapement and location on work-station head. Two types are used: gravity and powered. 4- Escapement and placement device: It removes a component from the track at time intervals that are consistent with the cycle time of the assembly head. Escapement of riveted shaped parts Pick And Place Mechanism (a)(b)

31 5-3e- Part feeder to base part انتقال القطع لقاعدة التجميع O 1- O Feed rate f Stop Sensor Start Sensor L f2 L f1 R C Cycle Rate LCLC O Delivery Ratef

32 5-3e- Part feeder to base part انتقال القطع لقاعدة التجميع Solution: The time taken for the supply parts to from n f2 to n f1 = (n f2 - n f2 )/R C =(18-6) x 0.2 = 2.4 min O The time taken for the supply parts to from n f1 to n f2 = (n f2 - n f2 )/(f -R C ) =(18-6)/(20 x 0.3 – 5)=12 min. Given: Cycle time; T C = 0.2 min, Feed rate: f = 20 components/min, Passing part to feed track: = 0.3, Number of parts in feed track at low level n f1 =6, Number of parts in feed track at high level n f2 =18. O Determine: a) What is the time it will be taken for the supply parts to from n f2 to n f1 b) What is the time it will be taken for the supply parts to from n f1 to n f2