By Vicky Doan, Aaron Tran & John Truong Period 1

A heroic outlaw Known for “robbing from the rich and giving to the poor” Assisted by a group of fellow outlaws known as his “merry men” Lived in the Sherwood Forest in Nottinghamshire Earlier ballads based in the Barnsdale area (South Yorkshire) Present-day Nottinghamshire claims Robin Hood as the symbol of their county Sherwood Forest filled with Robin Hood tourist attractions

Oct. 14, 1066 Norman-French army of William II of Normandy vs. English army of King Harold II During the Norman conquest of England Took place at Senlac Hill, present day town of Battle, East Sussex Harold II killed in battle Battle marked the last successful foreign invasion of British Isles French was adopted and adapted into English language and culture

King Richard I (Lion Heart) – the third son of Henry II Richard embarked on the Third Crusade - Hoping to regain Christian authority of the Holy land from the Muslim Sailed to Antioch to assist in war in 1190 Nearly took Jerusalem twice but was defeated by Saladin Richard’s ship was wrecked in Austria during his voyage back home Duke Leopold of Austria captured him and held him for ransom

Role, wealth and power of the Catholic Church Undermined Feudalism Commerce (transportation and market) Chivalry introduced Weakened the power of feudal aristocracy

King Richard, the Lion Heart, spent much of his reign fighting in wars After his death, King John inherited debts due to King Richard’s Wars and his own battles King John heavily taxed the Barons Barons rebelled and took over London King John signed the Magna Carta on June 19, 1215 at Runnymede in Egham, Surrey Guaranteed the rights of individuals against the King Magna Carta considered the founding document of English and American liberties

Surrey

Series of conflicts waged from England vs. France Began in May 1337 when King Philip VI of France attempted to confiscate English territories in the duchy of Aquitaine The war was a series of plundering raids, sieges and naval battles Opposition to the war helped shape England and early modern political culture England showed decreasing enthusiasm for conflict War divided into phases Edwardian Era War ( ) Caroline War ( ) Lancastrian War ( )

Swept across England in Spread to London in Sept and spread into East Anglia and along the coast Ravaging Wales and the Midlands by spring Crossed the Irish Sea and Penetrated the North in the summer Death toll – million people Many plague recurrence between Black death disrupted the feudal society Workers able to work for a higher pay Growing middle class

BBC. "Richard I." BBC News. BBC, Web. 15 Oct Keen, Maurice. "The Hundred Years War." BBC News. BBC, 17 Feb Web. 15 Oct Giovanni, Boccaccio. "The Black Death, 1348." The Black Death, Eyewitness to History, Web. 15 Oct Ibeji, Mike. "King John and the Magna Carta." BBC News. BBC, 17 Feb Web. 15 Oct Wood, Michael. "Battle of Hastings: A Surprise Defeat?" BBC News. BBC, 18 Nov Web. 15 Oct Britannia. "Richard I Coeur De Lion." Richard I Coeur De Lion. Britannia, Web. 15 Oct Alchin, Linda. "Effects of the Crusades." Effects of the Crusades. Middle Ages, 16 July Web. 15 Oct Books Berthelot, Anne. King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc Robson, Walter. Medieval Britain (Access to History). United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. 1991