Teaching Computer-Based Data Acquisition and Analysis Research Skills Using LabVIEW John Essick Reed College Reed Advanced Laboratory LabVIEW-Based Instruction Required Cost and Time for Instruction OUTLINE :

BASIC RESEARCH SKILLS Apply Classroom Theory Background Literature Searches Consultation With Experts Adequate Level of Precision Range of an Approximation Suppression of Competing Effects Electronics Computer-Assisted Data Acquisition Optics Vacuum Technology Data Analysis Techniques Design of Sophisticated Instrumentation Patience Consistency Checking Outside Interest In Results Benefit Of Peer Review Honest, Timely, Concise Report of Results PHYSICAL UNDERSTANDING DATA-TAKING SKILLS RESPONSIBILITY TO THE COMMUNITY

BASIC RESEARCH SKILLS Apply Classroom Theory Background Literature Searches Consultation With Experts Adequate Level of Precision Range of an Approximation Suppression of Competing Effects Electronics Computer-Assisted Data Acquisition Optics Vacuum Technology Data Analysis Techniques Design of Sophisticated Instrumentation Patience Consistency Checking Outside Interest In Results Benefit Of Peer Review Honest, Timely, Concise Report of Results PHYSICAL UNDERSTANDING DATA-TAKING SKILLS RESPONSIBILITY TO THE COMMUNITY

REED JUNIOR-LEVEL ADVANCED LAB Amplifier, Filter, Oscillator, Logic A/D, D/A Hardware Microprocessor Assembly Language Guided and Independent Experiments Novice Student ELECTRONICS PHYSICS COMPUTER (Low-Level) Autonomous Researcher Senior Thesis Summer Internship Graduate School Career

REED JUNIOR-LEVEL ADVANCED LAB Amplifier, Filter, Oscillator, Logic Guided and Independent Experiments Novice Student ELECTRONICS PHYSICS COMPUTER (High-Level) Autonomous Researcher Senior Thesis Summer Internship Graduate School Career Data Acquisition Board Communicate via Interface Bus Symbolic Language Data Analysis

OCCIDENTAL SOLID STATE LAB EXPERIENCE Require Students to Write GPIB Code (BASIC, FORTRAN, C): 10REAL Rdg TO 722 “MEASURE:VOLTAGE:DC? 10,0.003” Rdg 50PRINT Rdg 60END

OCCIDENTAL SOLID STATE LAB EXPERIENCE Require Students to Write GPIB Code (BASIC, FORTRAN, C): 10REAL Rdg TO 722 “MEASURE:VOLTAGE:DC? 10,0.003” Rdg 50PRINT Rdg 60END Lesson Learned for Computer-Based Instruction: Need to Teach a Programming Language (with Short Learning Curve)

ADVANTAGES OF LABVIEW SYSTEM 1. Well-Designed, Popular System Computer Multi-Function Data Acquisition (DAQ) General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB) LabVIEW Software National Instruments Products LabVIEW System

ADVANTAGES OF LABVIEW SYSTEM 1. Well-Designed, Popular System Computer Multi-Function Data Acquisition (DAQ) General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB) LabVIEW Software National Instruments Products Integrated Hardware & Software Extensive Data Acquisition & Analysis Capabilities Widely Used in Research Labs LabVIEW System

ADVANTAGES OF LABVIEW SYSTEM 2. LabVIEW Programming Language is Graphical Block Diagram (Program Code): Front Panel (User Interface):

ADVANTAGES OF LABVIEW SYSTEM 2. LabVIEW Programming Language is Graphical Block Diagram (Program Code): Front Panel (User Interface): Novel Intuitive Do Useful Things Quickly

3. Express VIs for Streamlined Programming of Common Tasks ADVANTAGES OF LABVIEW SYSTEM

Digital Oscilloscope Using DAQ Assistant Express VI

Thermistor Calibration Using Curve Fit Express VI Steinhart-Hart Equation:

Digital Thermometer A/D Ohm’s Law Steinhart-Hart VoltageTemperature Software

4. Flexibility is Ideal for Independent Projects Digital Oscilloscope DAQ Assistant ADVANTAGES OF LABVIEW SYSTEM

4. Flexibility is Ideal for Independent Projects Spectrum Analyzer DAQ Assistant ADVANTAGES OF LABVIEW SYSTEM FFT

OVERVIEW OF LABVIEW INSTRUCTION Week 1: Structures and Plotting (6 Hours) While Loop and Waveform Chart For Loop and Waveform Graph Mathscript Node and XY Graph Week 2:Data Acquisition and Generation with DAQ Assistant (3 Hours) Analog-to-Digital Conversion, Digital Oscilloscope Digital-to-Analog Conversion, Function Generator Week 3: Data Files, Local Variables, Structures (6 Hours) Data Files and Character Strings Shift Registers Case Structure Sequence Structure Week 4: Data Analysis (3 Hours) Least-Squares Curve Fitting, Digital Thermometer Fast Fourier Transform, Spectrum Analyzer Week 5: PID Temperature Control System (3 Hours) Spring Semester: Instrument Control via Interface Bus (4 Hours) GPIB/USB Control of Instrument Oxford University Press

DATA FILES Spreadsheet Format DATA ANALYSIS Numerical Integration Numerical Differentiation Curve Fitting Fast Fourier Transform DATA ACQUISITION Digital Oscilloscope Function Generator Digital Thermometer Spectrum Analyzer PID Temperature Control System GPIB/USB CONTROL Agilent 34410A Multimeter

SPRING-SEMESTER PHYSICS EXPERIMENTS Optical Bandgap of Semiconductor (Monochromator) Doppler-Free Saturated Absorption Spectroscopy (Laser Diode) Temperature Dependence of Diode’s Saturation Current (Cryostat) Isotope Shift of Balmer Series in Hydrogen (Spectrometer) Mass of Cosmic Ray Muon (Fast-Timing Electronics) Fabrication of Fullerenes (Materials Fabrication) Proof of Existence of Photons (Single-Photon Detection) Guided Experiments:

Chaotic Circuit LabVIEW (Kiers et al, AJP 72, 503)

High-Temperature Superconductor Agilent 34410A Four-Probe Resistance Agilent 34410A Thermocouple Thermocouple Voltage LabVIEW GPIB Insulated Sample

COST 1. PCIe-6351: ($1400): 2. USB-6009: ($250): 3. myDAQ: ($199 for Students): Limited Signal Generation Analog Input 16-Bit, 1.25 MSample/s Analog Output 16-Bit, 2.86 MSample/s No Hardware Triggering Analog Input 16-Bit, 200 kSample/s Analog Output 16-Bit, 200 kSample/s Analog Input 14-Bit, 48 kSample/s Analog Output 12-Bit, 150 Sample/s

TIME 1. Seven-Week Intermediate Skill Level 2. Three-Week Introduction (Basic LabVIEW + DAQ Assistant) 3. Student Edition of LabVIEW $20 Learn Programming as Homework Control Hardware in Lab 4. myDAQ + Student Edition of LabVIEW $199 Learn Programming and Control Hardware as Homework