Culture and Nursing Nursing School China Medical University Li Xiaohan

Unit1: Introduction of cultureIntroduction of culture Unit2: Culture and nursingCulture and nursing

Introduction of culture 1. CultureCulture 2. Culture shockCulture shock

Culture (1) Concept (2) Model (3) Characteristics (4) Classification (5) Function

Concept of culture 1) Definition of culture 2) Aspect of culture

Definition of culture Culture is a summation of survival style formed in some given group or social life and possessed by their members.

Three aspects (1) Matter culture (2) Spiritual culture (3) Manner culture

Culture model 1) Definition 2) Content

Definition Culture model is a special form and structure that is a combination of all culture contents in a society

Contents 1) Symbol 2) Matter particularity 3) Art 4) Science 5) Convention

6) Family and social system 7) Manner 8) Government 9) War

Characteristics of culture (1)Supernatural and beyond individual (2)Zone and beyond zone (3)Era and beyond era (4)Symbolization and transfer

Classification of culture (1) Hard culture (2) Soft culture

Function of culture a) To be a indication of dividing line among societies or nationalities b) To make a society have behavioral criterions

(3) To make social solidarity (unity) have a important foundation (4) To shape social human beings

Culture shock (1) DefinitionDefinition (2) ReasonsReasons (3) StagesStages (4) ManifestationsManifestations (5) Influencing factorsInfluencing factors (6)PreventionPrevention

Definition Culture shock is a confusion in thinking and syndrome of mental tension in psychological aspect produced by a person who lives in a cultural environment and firstly arrives in an another cultural environment.

Reasons Main element: A person arrives in a strange environment from a familiar environment suddenly

(1) Obstacle on communication (2) Difference on activities of daily life (1) Isolation (2) Customs (3) Attitudes and beliefs

Stages (1) Exciting stage (2) Consciousness stage (3) Changing stage (4) Acceptance stage

Manifestation (1) Anxiety (2) Fear (3) Depression (4) Desperation

Influencing factors (1)Individual’s heath status (2)Age (3)Pre-experiences in adapting life changing

Prevention (1)To be familiar with the culture model in a new environment ahead (2)To contact with the culture model actively in a new cultural environment

Prevention (3) To look for (search) powerful support systems:  normal supportive systems  informal supportive systems

Culture and nursing 1.The influence of cultural background upon nursingThe influence of cultural background upon nursing 2.Leininger’s Transcultural nursing theoryLeininger’s Transcultural nursing theory 3.The principles of cultural nursingThe principles of cultural nursing 4.The strategies of cultural nursingThe strategies of cultural nursing

The influence of cultural background upon nursing (1) Cultural background influences the reasons of producing diseases. value concept, attitude or life style in culture may influence the occurrence of some diseases

(2) Cultural background influences patients’ reaction to diseases. 1) Gender 2) Educational background 3) Family ’ s support

(3) Cultural background influences patients’ manner of seeing a physician 1 ） Religious conception 2) Economic condition

(4) Culture influences a person’s cognition to death 1 ） Chinese traditional culture of emotional state on death 2 ） Chinese traditional behavioral culture on death

Leininger’s Transcultural nursing theory (1) The formation of the theory (2) Basic content of the theoryBasic content of the theory (3) Goal of the theory

Basic content of the theory (1) Cultural care is a necessary qualification to the survival of human being (2) The nationalities with different culture in the world have the universality (commonness) and speciality of culture care. (3) Culture care is divided into general care and professional care.

Goal of the theory To provide the nursing care corresponding to culture for the health of individual, family and colony.

The principles of cultural nursing (1)principle of comprehension (2)principle of education (3) principle of mobilization

(4) Principle of giving suggestions (5)Principle of wholeness

Strategies of cultural nursing (1)The nursing strategies of meeting patients’ cultural needs (2)The nursing strategies that help patients to adapt hospital’s cultural environment.

Strategies of meeting patients’ cultural needs 1)To understand patients’ behavior of seeing a physician 2)To identify patients’ reaction to disease. 3) To establish a nurse-patient relationship adapted to cultural phenomena

strategies that help patients to adapt hospital’s cultural environment 1)To help patients to be familiar with the environment of hospital as soon as possible 2)To establish a good relationship between nurse and patient.

3) To respect patients’ habits and customs a. Diet b. Special taboo c. National convention

4) To seek supportive system 5) To pay attention to the diversity on value conception 6) To follow the principles of cultural nursing