French and Indian War The Tradition of Neglect and the Impact of War

Mercantilism Economic/political subordination of the colony to the mother country Mother country exports finished goods to the colonies Mother country imports raw materials from her colonies to feed industry Mother country seeks a "favorable balance" of trade Colonies could possibly suffer because the mother country might not need all of the goods they produce

Navigation Acts Passed to support mercantilism 1660s Colonies can only trade with the British All goods going to the colonies had to come through England Imposed duties and introduced customs officials

Salutary Neglect British Parliament did not interfere in the government of the colonies, and America existed in relative political isolation. Why? - Prime Minister Robert Walpole believed relaxed trading restrictions stimulated commerce and benefitted England Colonists trade with many different countries

How long had Self government existed in the Colonies? House of Burgesses - Virginia 1619 Mayflower Compromise - New England 1620 by the 1750’s Colonial Assemblies had the power to - tax - make appropriations - approve appointments - pass laws

Albany Plan of Union 1754 gather to sign a treaty with Iroquois Plan drafted by Benjamin Franklin plan includes - one gov. “grand council” - keep constitutions - give rights to 1 gov. relations w/ Indians defense trade settlement of West could levy taxes

Was the Albany Plan of Union an attack against Great Britain?

Significance Franklin anticipated many of the problems that would beset the government created after independence - finance- dealing with the Indian tribes - defense - control of commerce contains the seeds of true union foreshadow of many constitutional ideas DEMONSTRATES COLONIES ARE NOT READY FOR UNITY!!!!!!

Which countries had influence in North and South America? Why are the French here?

The Great War for the Empire The 7 years War The French and Indian War Causes - both the British and the French claimed Ohio Country - both ignored native American claims - both continued to expand into Native Territory

Participants - The French, Huron, Algonquin, and Indian Allies - The British, American Colonists, & Iroquois

Why did the Natives Side with the French? Tolerance - marriage - living among tribes - trading - not pushing European culture

George Washington Colonel in the British Military Young – 22 yrs old Inexperienced

“ a charming field for an encounter” -George Washington European Warfare

Fort Necessity 1754 Washington is sent to Ohio to challenge French expansion Americans retreat after failed attack Build the Fort Surrender after 1/3 die War Begins

Battle of Bushy Run Indian Warfare

The Battle on the Monongahela: Major General Edward Braddock falls from his horse, mortally wounded General Braddock’s last words are reported to have been: “We shall know how to fight them next time.”

3 Phases of War Phase 1 : colonial forces focused on defending against western raids by Natives Phase 2: France v. England - British impress colonists and seize supplies - Colonists rebel Phase 3: British relax policies and send in more troops

Peace of Paris 1763 French ceded to GB - some of their W. Indian Islands - their colonies in India - Canada and all territory E. of the Mississippi France Gives to Spain - New Orleans - all territory W. of the Mississippi

Major Problems Faced by Great Britain Expands Territorial Claims - more land to keep the peace in Expands Debt - How will they pay it off?

Why is the French and Indian War so important? It Paved the Way for the Revolutionary War

Effects of French and Indian War British are unhappy with Colonial Contributions Americans dislike the attitude and behavior of the British Taught the Americans they could work together! Slow loss of Native Control BRITISH SEE THE NEED TO CONTROL THE COLONIES!!!!!