Optoelectronic Device and Fiber Link Characterization in Computer Integrated Electronics Laboratory ASEE 2007 Annual Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, June 24-27, 2007 Honolulu, Hawaii, June 24-27, 2007 Mustafa G. Guvench

Abstract It is shown that, with minimal additional investment in an Optical Spectrum Analyzer and a Thermo Stream temperature controller, light sources, such as LASER diodes, LEDs, incandescent and discharge lamps, and detectors, such as photodiodes and solar cells, and optoelectronic combinations of them, like Optical Isolators and Optical Fiber Links can be measured and characterized for their electrical, opto- electrical and spectral characteristics and SPICE equivalent parameters in a standard Computer- Integrated-Electronics laboratory.

Introduction & Background Computer-Integrated-Electronics Laboratory established with grants from N.S.F. l Integrates PC with Electronic Test Bench Equipment l Therefore facilitates automated electronic tests and measurements and provides in-situ Math, Design and Simulation tools (Mathematica, PSpice, L-Edit, …) l Courses served: Electronics I & II, Analog & Digital CMOS VLSI, Silicon I.C. Microfabrication, Senior Design Projects

Computer-Integrated-Electronics Laboratory The Computer Integrated Electronics Laboratory Workstation

SPICE Verification of Designs and Automated Frequency Response Tests in the Computer- Integrated-Electronics Laboratory Measured P-N Junction Diode I-V Characteristics Extraction of SPICE Parameters from Diode Measurements.

Device Measurements in the Computer- Integrated-Electronics Laboratory Measured JFET Drain Chs. Measured and SPICE Modeled JFET Transfer Chs. Measured BJT Collector Chs. Measured P-N Junction Diode I-V Characteristics Extraction of SPICE Parameters from Diode Measurements. Measured MOS C-V Characteristics

CMOS Analog I.C. Design in the Computer Integrated Electronics Laboratory Design of Operational Amplifiers MOSIS Fabricated Multi-Project Chip

Need New course introduced: Optoelectronics l Lecture-only l Contents: Principles of Optics, Optical Fibers, Semiconductor Devices, Photodetectors and Solar Cells, Light Emitters including LASERS, Spectral and Electrical Properties and Applications l Textbook: Kasap, S.O., "Optoelectronics and Photonics", Prentice Hall 2001 Need: In-Class Demos and Hands on Experiments No Resources

Added to C.I.E. Lab. 1. A High Resolution Optical Spectrometer: Ocean Optics Model HR-2000CG-UV-NIR USB l 0.1 nm resolution l Optical Fiber Input l USB interface powered and Portable 2. A Temperature Controlled Device Test Chamber: Thermo-Stream Model AM-003 l Optically Transparent Glass Chamber l Heated/Cooled Dry Air Supply with Temperature Control l -70C < T < +120C

Temperature Controlled Optoelectronic Device Test Chamber

Optoelectronic Device Automated I-V Measurement Setup Schematic Diagram of the Optoelectronic Device Automated Measurement Setup

Measured I-V Characteristics of Various Optoelectronic Light Emitters

Measured I-V Characteristics of P-N Junction Emitters Plotted for SPICE Parameter Extraction of IS, N, RS

Measured I-V Characteristics of an Orange LED and its Response to Ambient Temperature

Measured Current Transfer Characteristics of an Orange LED–Silicon PhotoCell Optocouple and its Response to Ambient Temperature

Optical Power Output vs Electrical Power Input Characteristics of an Orange LED as a Function of Ambient Temperature

Measured I-V Characteristics of a Miniature Incandescent Light Bulb and its Response to Ambient Temperature

Measured Spectral Emission Characteristics of Various LEDs and a LASER Diode and an Incandescent Lamp

Measured Spectral Emission Characteristics of a Red LED and its Response to Ambient Temperature

NSC-USM SOLAR CELL Finished Solar Cell Cross Section

400W Metal Halide + 2x 300W Quartz Halogen = Sun on 8” Wafer. Our Solar Simulator

Solar Simulator Results

Conclusions With minimal additional investment in an Optical Spectrum Analyzer and a Thermo Stream temperature controller, it was shown that light sources, such as LASER diodes, LEDs, incandescent and discharge lamps, and detectors, such as photodiodes and solar cells, and optoelectronic combinations of them, like Optical Isolators and Optical Fiber Links can be measured and characterized for their electrical, opto-electrical and spectral characteristics and SPICE equivalent parameters in a Computer-Integrated-Electronics laboratory. The measurements reported here were successfully incorporated into a lecture-only course on Optoelectronics to enhance and supplement the theoretical background built in the course.

Acknowledgements Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation, USM Technology Grant Ocean Optics Inc. Grant match National Science Foundation (USE ) ASEE 2007 Annual Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, June 24-27, 2007 Honolulu, Hawaii, June 24-27, 2007

THANK YOU Mustafa G. Guvench ASEE 2007 Annual Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, June 24-27, 2007 Honolulu, Hawaii, June 24-27, 2007

The Measurement System Schematic Drawing of the High-Current Solar-Cell Test Set up

Design, Fabrication and Testing of Solar Cells (National Semiconductor)

Table 2.3 LED Type Current (mA)Wavelength (λ) Bandgap (eV) Green30 mA5.6337E Orange15.3 mA6.2353E Blue1.88 mA4.74E White15.2 mA5.5028E Yellow20.0 mA5.9261E Red13.0 mA6.4763E Infrared36.4 mA9.4031E (GaA s) Equation 2.3: Eg = (hc)/(eλ)

Solar Simulator Results In the final form, the radiation intensity was tested and found to be within +/- 10% up to 8 inch diameter and much better (+/-3%) for a smaller 6 inch diameter wafers Purple Circle shows our 200mm wafer within 80% range. Considering a solar intensity = 100mW/cm2 Silicon solar is expected to generate 20mA/cm2 8inch wafer = 1 Si Solar Cell = >6A Photo Current

Presentation Overview Introduction and Background Goals The Solar Cell Test Setup: Design, Features & Results The Solar Simulator: The USM-NSC Solar Cell Design Results Conclusions