AFFIX AFFIX: one or more letters attached to a word to create a different form of the word ex: preview, colorful PREFIX PREFIX: a group of letters (affix) attached to the front of a word to change its meaning ex: unchanged, dislike, retell SUFFIX SUFFIX: a group of letters (affix) attached to the end of a word to change its meaning ex: delightful, collectible SYNONYM SYNONYM: two words with similar meanings ex: pretty/beautiful, cold/freezing ANTONYM ANTONYM: two words with opposite meanings ex: hot/cold, wet/dry, fast/slow

FICTION FICTION: a story that is not true; it is created in the author’s imagination NONFICTION NONFICTION: factual writing that explains, informs, or describes (rather than entertains) GENRE GENRE: a type or category of literature NARRATIVE NARRATIVE: type of text that tells a story (may be fiction or nonfiction)

FACT FACT: a statement that can be proven true or false OPINION OPINION: what someone thinks or feels; cannot be proven true or false CAUSE CAUSE: an action or event that leads to an effect ex: He bumped the table and the cup spilled. EFFECT EFFECT: something that happens as a result of an action, an event, or a cause ex: He bumped the table and the cup spilled. COMPARE COMPARE: to tell how things are alike CONTRAST CONTRAST: to tell how things are different

SUMMARY SUMMARY: to retell including only main points INFERENCE INFERENCE: a guess based on what you read and what you already know PARAPHRASE PARAPHRASE: to restate something you read or hear by putting it in your own words

PLOT PLOT: the events of a story THEME THEME: a major idea that is the topic of discussion or writing SETTING SETTING: a story's time and place DIALOGUE DIALOGUE: a conversation between people in a story

CONFLICT CONFLICT: a struggle between characters, forces, or emotions (a problem) CLIMAX CLIMAX: the moment in a story after tension builds and the conflict is most intense (the turning point) CONCLUSION CONCLUSION: the ending of a story RESOLUTION RESOLUTION: where the problem in the story is worked out

MAIN IDEA MAIN IDEA: the author's most important point, usually found in the topic sentence AUTHOR’S PURPOSE AUTHOR’S PURPOSE: the author’s reason for writing (to entertain, to inform, or to persuade) POINT OF VIEW POINT OF VIEW: the position from which a story is told

FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE: language that cannot be taken literally because it was written to create a special feeling (similes, metaphors, alliteration, hyperbole, etc.) SIMILE SIMILE: comparing two things using 'like' or 'as' ex: The sky was black as coal. METAPHOR METAPHOR: comparing two things without using 'like' or 'as' ex: The child was a monster when his mother took him to the mall. ALLITERATION ALLITERATION: repetition of the same sound (Tongue twisters are great examples of alliteration.) ex: The blue ball bounced brilliantly.

HYPERBOLE HYPERBOLE: extreme exaggeration (EXAGGERATION: a statement that stretches the truth) ex: I am so hungry that I could eat a horse! PERSONIFICATION PERSONIFICATION: giving an object human qualities ex: The cold air slapped me in the face as I went outside. ONOMATOPOEIA ONOMATOPOEIA: sound words EX. moo, snap, plop, meow, ETC. ex: The fireworks went BOOM!