Governmental Systems:

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Presentation transcript:

Governmental Systems: Enlightenment and Revolution

Good Morning! The last two days we have focused on economic systems, but today we will examine government systems. What is the difference between the economy and the government?

Absolute Monarchy Monarch is King/Queen, Tsar, Emperor, Shah, etc. Monarch has absolute, or total, control over subjects Monarch’s power comes from divine right, or through the will of God Royal bloodline of high importance Citizens have no role in choosing their leader Generally, the Monarch has a group of advisors to help make decisions Citizens may face punishment if they express criticism Modern Day Example: Saudi Arabia

Constitutional Monarchy King/Queen’s power’s are limited; “limited monarchy” Citizens and Parliament, or the law- making branch of government, have rights guaranteed under a Constitution Monarch and Parliament share power Modern-Day Example: Great Britain

Presidential Democracy Voters elect Executive (President) and Legislative Branch (Parliament or Congress) separately There is a separation of powers and checks and balances, so that no single branch becomes too powerful Modern Day Example: U.S.A.

Democracy Presidential Parliamentary Voters Elect Voters Elect Executive & Legislative Parliamentary Voters Elect Legislative Branch (Parliament) Parliament selects head of Executive Branch (Prime Minister)

Parliamentary Democracy Voters elect Legislature, or Parliament Parliament selects the chief Executive, or Prime Minister Prime Minister leads Parliament and carries out its laws Parliament may remove Prime Minister and/or cabinet (P.M.’s advisors) from office Most popular system of government Modern Day Example: Canada

Dictatorship Single ruler, or Dictator, has absolute power A dictatorship will begin when a person either Seizes control by force (coup d'état or military revolution) Takes additional power after being elected Citizens generally have very few rights Dissent is generally not tolerated b/c of fear of severe punishment Modern Day Example: North Korea

Theocracy Religious leaders rule a nation and impose religious law No tolerance for other forms of religion, traditions, and customs Modern day example: Iran

Where have you head the word the “totalitarian” before Where have you head the word the “totalitarian” before? What do you think it means? Does it have anything to do with dissent? If so, what is the difference between totalitarianism and absolutism? Which of these systems tolerate dissent and which do not?

Do NOT tolerate dissent Constitutional Monarchy Presidential Democracy Parliamentary Democracy Do NOT tolerate dissent Absolute Monarchy Dictatorship Theocracy

Totalitarianism vs. Democracy Advantages Quick, efficient decision- making Stability, order, security Disadvantages Must sacrifice natural rights and civil liberties Cannot select leader No minority rights No access to unbiased news/information— everything is state-run Democracy Advantages “General Will” of the majority Citizens select leader Citizens have natural rights Citizens can voice political dissent Disadvantages Is majority always correct? SLOW decision-making (can this be good as well?) “Tyranny of the majority”? Are minority rights protected?