T HE G OLDEN A GE OF I SLAM AND THE D ARK A GES OF E UROPE

E UROPE AND THE I SLAMIC W ORLD  Western Europe went through the Middle or “Dark Ages” while the Islamic World went through its Golden Age.

I SLAM S PREADS  Islam Spread Out of the Middle East to North Africa, Central Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Parts of Spain  Byzantine Empire most affected by spread of Islam. As Islam spread the Eastern Roman Empire got smaller.

I SLAM S PREADS  Umayyads- Arab Muslim Empire in the Middle East and North Africa.  Abbasids-Muslim Empire with Land in Europe and Asia  Seljuk Turks-Rule much of the Land Once Held by Byzantine Empire

I BN B ATTUTA  A traveler and explorer, whose account documents his travels and excursions over a period of almost thirty years, covering some 73,000 miles These journeys covered almost the entirety of the known Islamic world and beyond, a distance readily surpassing that of his predecessors and his near- contemporary Marco Polo.traveler and explorerIslamic worldMarco Polo

A NSWER :  What is a Golden Age?  What are the general characteristics of a Golden Age?

T HE G OLDEN A GE OF I SLAM  8 th Century to the 13 th Century  High Point of Islamic Culture  Islam Expands to 3 Continents  Bagdad, Iraq was the cultural, religious, and trade capital of Islamic World. One of three great cities of the time.

T HE G OLDEN A GE OF I SLAM  Preservation of Greek, Roman, and Hellenistic Culture  Achievements in medicine, science, math, geometry, algebra, anatomy, and astronomy.

T HE G OLDEN A GE OF I SLAM  Trade and Cultural Diffusion  Great Cities and Urban Centers  Indian System of Numbers  Literature  Architecture  Mosaics  Calligraphy  Art

T HE G OLDEN A GE OF I SLAM  Math-Arabic Numbers, zero, algebra  Medical Science- early hospitals, surgery, early medical encyclopedia  Chemistry  Geography- accurate maps  Musical Instruments- lute, guitar, tambourine  Poetry

T HE E ND OF THE I SLAMIC G OLDEN A GE  Mongols Destroy the city of Bagdad.  The Crusades

A NSWER  What event started the Middle Ages in Europe?  How is Centralized Power different from Decentralized Power?  Why were the Middle Ages in Europe called the Dark Ages?

D ARK A GES  Time of Little Achievement in science, math, education, art.  Chaos  War  Little trade or travel  Few cities

T HE M IDDLE A GES  Middle Ages/Medieval/Dark Ages for Europe  From the Fall of Western Rome until the End of the Crusades and Beginning of the Renaissance

W HAT IS F EUDALISM ???  Feudalism is an economic and political system based on land, loyalty, and protection.  Hierarchal System of Obligations  Used in Europe and Japan

C HARACTERISTICS OF F EUDALISM  Decentralized  Land is Important  Manor System  Obligations  Lack of Trade  No Social Mobility  Similar in Japan and Europe

H OW DID F EUDALISM W ORK ?  Monarch Gave Land to Nobles.  Nobles and Knights Pledged Military Service to the Monarch.

O BLIGATION  Lords Grant Land in Exchange for Military Service!

F EUDAL H IERARCHY  Monarch  Noble  Knight  Serf/Peasant

T HE M ANOR  The Manor was the Lord’s Land.  Self-Sufficient- Everything is There.  Little Trade of Travel  Serfs Work the Land in Exchange for Protection from Knights and Nobles.

T HE C HURCH  During the Early Middle Ages and During Feudal Times the Church Was Very Powerful.

T HE C HURCH  During the Middle Ages the Church and its Leader the Pope was the Most Powerful Organization.  Unifying Force  Most People were Christian

C RUSADES  Islamic World and Medieval World Collide during Crusades.  Crusades were a series of wars between Christian Knights and Muslim Warriors for control of Jerusalem  The Crusades End Europe’s Dark Age but also end Islam’s Golden Age

A NSWER :  How did the Crusades affect both Medieval Europe and the Islamic World?  How is a dark age different from a golden age?  What were 3 achievements of Islam’s Golden Age?  How does Feudalism work?