Mt MorrisBeef Cattle Seminar June 17, 2009 Classification and Identification of Cattle Breeds

CLASSIFICATION OF BEEF CATTLE

BRITISH BREEDS OF CATTLE  Hereford  Hereford Dairy Cattle  Polled  Polled HerefordsJersey  Black  Black AngusGuernsey  Red  Red AngusAyrshire  Devon  Devon Milking Shorthorn  Shorthorn  Red  Red Poll  Galloway  British  British Whites  Scotch  Scotch Highland  Welsh  Welsh Black  Wagyu

EUROPEAN BREEDS OF CATTLE  Simmental  Simmental Dairy  Limousin  Limousin Brown Swiss  Maine-Anjou Holstein  Dutch  Dutch Belted  Salers  Charolais  Piedmontese  Blonde  Blonde d’Aquitaine  Belgian  Belgian Blue  Chianina  Gelbvieh  MRI  Normande  Pinzqauer  Devon  South  South Devon  Tarentaise

COMPOSITE BREEDS OF CATTLE  Brangus  Brangus (RED & BLACK)  Beefmasters  Beefmasters Beefmaker  Simbrah  Simbrah Braford  Bramousin  Bramousin Santa Gertrudis  American  American 7 Way Composite  Salorn

HYBRID-VIGOR BENEFITS  More Climate variable  Increased Growth Rate  Increased Vigor and Fertility

BOS TAURUS BEEF BREEDS BRITISH / EUROPEAN

Hereford Originated in England Red with white points Horned usually Known for pink eye Bos Taurus / British Breed Classification

Red Angus Originated in the British Isles Same as Black Angus Barred from Angus herdbook Recognized as separate breed Bos Taurus / British Breed Classification

Black Angus Native to Angus (near Scotland) Most popular beef breed in the US Always black in color Can produce Red Angus Known for Marbling Ability Bos Taurus / British Breed Classification

Texas Longhorn Originated in the United States Various colors Almost went extinct Known for Low Birth Weights and Calving ease for Heifers Bos Taurus / British Breed Classification

Red Poll Developed in England Primarily used for meat in US Milk production in other countries Dark red and polled Bos Taurus / British Breed Classification

Shorthorn Originated in England White to red in color Roane Color, very popular for show heifers. Bos Taurus / British Breed Classification

Murray Grey  Developed in New South Wales-Australia  Became a recognized Australian breed in 1962  Cross of Roan Shorthorn and Angus  Known for small birth weights  Good Carcass traits  Docile Disposition  Dark pigment on head and udders

Belted Galloway  Developed in the 16 th century in Scotland  Know for shaggy coat-ideal for wet, cold conditions  Developed from a cross of Galloway and Dutch Belted  Have good marbling ability  Polled and refered to as “Belties”

Devon Originated in England Also called North Devon One of the oldest beef breeds At one time used for milk Mature cows weigh lbs. Bos Taurus / British Breed Classification

South Devon  High Maternal Breed  Not Related to Devon  High butterfat-4.2%  Refered to as “Gentle Giants Bos taurus/British Breed Classification

Ayrshire  Origin Scotland  High butterfat and Protein  Do Well in Harse Conditions Bos taurus/British Breed Classification

Guernsey  Origin Jersey Isle in English Channel  High butterfat and Protein  Used in Grazing Operations  Larger than Jersey cattle Bos taurus/British Breed Classification

Jersey  Origin Jersey Isle in English Channel  High butterfat and Protein  Popular due to high components in Milk  Small Mature Size  Used in Crossbreeding  #2 Dairy Breed Bos taurus/British Breed Classification

Bos Taurus  Breeds of European Origin

Dutch Belted  Dual Purpose  Developed in Holland from cattle originating in Austria  Moderate Frame Size Bos Taurus/Dutch Breed Classification

Holstein  #1 Dairy Breed  Developed in North Holland and Freisland  High Milk Production  Large Mature Size Bos Taurus/Dutch Breed Classification

Brown Swiss  Switzerland Origin  Large Cattle Dual Purpose-Braunvieh  High Milk Components  Large Mature Size  Developed at High Altitude Bos Taurus/Swiss Breed Classification

Limousin Native to South-Central France Golden-red to red-brown in color Bos Taurus European Breed Classification

Simmental First recorded in Switzerland Large body mass Light red to dark red with white points Known for Maternal Characteristics Bos Taurus / European Breed Classification

Wagyu All Japanese cattle Various colors Consists of many Japanese breeds Known for Marbling in the Meat Bos Taurus / European Breed Classification

Piedmontese Originated in Italy Double muscled breed Light to dark gray in color Bos Taurus / European Breed Classification

Blonde d’Aquitaine Originated in France Blonde color Known for Heavy Muscle Bos Taurus / European Breed Classification

Salers Native to France Milk production important in Europe Rod to brown in color Known for some Carcass Merit Bos Taurus / European Breed Classification

Tarentaise Originated in France Used for milk in Europe Red color Bos Taurus / European Breed Classification

Maine-Anjou Originated in France Mature bulls weigh lbs. Mature cows weigh lbs. Dark red with white markings Bos Taurus / European Breed Classification

BOS INDICUS BEEF BREEDS ZEBU

Red Brahman Bos Indicus Classification Heat and Insect Resistant Mothering Ability

Brahman Developed in the United States Light gray or red to black Known for Mothering Ability Named after Brahman Shines in India A mix of Nelore, Indu-Brazil, Gyr breeds Tropically adapted-have sweat glands Bos Indicus Classification

Nelore Known form having smaller ears and cleaner lines than other zebu breeds. Biggest populations in South America. Heat and Insect tolerant Bos Indicus Classification

Indo Brazilian Bos Indicus Classification Known for Large Ears Heaviest Populations in South America High in Maternal Attributes

Africander Bos Indicus Classification Native to South Africa Usually red with long horns Used for meat and as a draft animal Mature cows weigh lbs. Mature bulls weigh lbs.

Composite Beef Cattle Breeds

Hays Converters Developed in Canada Senator Harry Hays-Calgary, Alberta 1/3 Hereford 1/3 Holstein 1/3 Brown Swiss Known for growth rate, high fertility, sound udders, and high milk production First Recognized Composite in Canada in 1975 Composite Breed Classification

Brangus Originated in the United States 3/8 Brahman, 5/8 Angus Solid black Polled Composite Breed Classification

Bramousin Originated in the United States Golden to red in color 5/8 Limousin, 3/8 Brahman Composite Breed Classification

Braford Developed in Florida 3/8 Brahman, 5/8Hereford Red with white points Composite Breed Classification

Simbrah Originated in the United States Brahman and Simmental breeds used Light to dark red with some white marks Composite Breed Classification

Beefmaker Originated in the United States 3/4 Hereford, 1/4 Simmental Red with white points Composite Breed Classification

Beefmaster Originated in the United States Brahman, Hereford, and Shorthorn Composite Breed Classification

Salorn Developed in the United States 5/8 Salers. 3/8 Texas Longhorn Lean meat Environmentally adaptable Composite Breed Classification

Texon Originated in the United States Texas Longhorn and Devon breeds used Composite Breed Classification

Santa Gertrudis *Originated at the King Ranch in Texas *Made up of Brahman, Hereford, and Shorthorn Breeds *Known for Heat tolerance

Review Of Beef Cattle Classification  Cattle are Classified into Two Groups  The Bos Taurus Classification includes what two Groups.  What are some Composite Breeds and what are their makeup.  What are some Breeds Attributes.