Smokejumpers Hotshots Helitechs By Glen and Sable

Smokejumpers are wild land firefighters trained to parachute into fire. They are professional firefighters. The average salary of a smokejumper is $16 an hour or $42,000 a year. Smokejumpers travel all over the country, including Alaska. Smokejumpers’ tools, food, and water are dropped by parachute to the firefighters after they land near the fire. Then they are on their own for up to 48 hours. Smokejumpers work from around June 1 – October.

Hotshots are a group of multi-skilled professional firefighters employed by the U.S. Forest service, Bureau of Land Management National Park Service, some Native American tribes,and the states of Alaska and Utah. The Average Salary of a Hotshot is $41,000 a year. Hotshots may be sent anywhere in the United States, and have been to Mexico and Canada, to fight wild fires. Hotshots arrive in buses and may hike up to 5 miles to reach a fire.

Helitech firefighters are pilots and technicians that fly helicopters. Their key objectives are to rescue the injured and bring supplies to those on the ground. The average salary of a Helitech is $94,000 a year. Helitechs spread water and foam onto the fire. They fly Hotshots and Smokejumpers to the location of the fire.

Animals Affected by the Yellowstone National Park Fires of 1988 Deer Bison Elk Bear Moose By Gia, Zack, and Sammie

Deer are the only animals that have antlers. There are about 100 different types of deer. Male deer are called bucks, female deer are called does, and young deer are called fawns or calves. Deer have great sense of hearing. When deer feel threatened, they raise their tail to warn other deer. 36 deer died in the Yellowstone fires of 1988.

Bison are members of the bovine family. Bison are the largest mammals of North America. Bison can swim across rivers over 1 km wide. Bison have a warning. The warning is that when their tail is straight up they are about to charge. 9 bison died in the Yellowstone National Park.

Elk can weigh more than 500 pounds, stand 4-1/2 feet at the shoulder, and measure 6-1/2 feet from nose to rump. An average bull weighs 700 pounds, stands 5 feet at the shoulder, and measures more than 8 feet from nose to rump. Elk and other members of the deer family belong to a group of animals called ungulates, the Latin word for "hoof.“ Members of the deer family must eat and watch for predators at the same time. Each spring, male deer and elk begin growing antlers from bony bumps on their skulls called pedicles.

Grizzly bears hibernate 4-7 months. Grizzly bears can run at a speed of 30 mph. 98% of the grizzly bear population in the U.S lives in Alaska. Female grizzly bears weigh about ½ the male weight :females, 350 pounds; males 700 pounds 1 grizzly bear died in Yellowstone fire in 1988.

Moose lifespan is 15 – 25 years. Moose weigh 1,100 to 1,800 pounds. Moose can run at a speed of 35 mph and swim at a speed of 6 mph. Moose can stay under water for about 30 seconds. The moose’s sense of hearing and smell are strong; it has weak eyesight.

*Santa Ana Winds* Made By: Krystal and Nicolette

What are Santa Ana winds…. The Santa Ana winds are dry warm (often hot) winds in the Southern California area that blow in from the desert –which includes the Great Basin of the western US, incorporating, Nevada and part of Utah.

When the Santa Ana Winds Occur The Santa Ana winds occur September- March. The worst winds usually occur in October.

How the Santa Ana winds effect fires and firefighters One way the Santa Ana winds effect firefighters are the strong winds fan the fire and can make a small fire into a bigger one. They also dry out the vegetation quickly which worsens fire conditions.

Santa Ana Winds Nicknames… Red Wind Devil Wind Devil’s Breath California’s Evil Wind Murder Winds

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