Resources from Sewage: Power from the People "Ask not what we must do for sewage - ask what sewage can do for us." Stephen Salter, PEng September 26, 2005

What's the goal of treatment? 1.Minimize all environmental impacts (water, land, and air) 2.Protect human health 3.Comply with environmental laws, causing no harm to fish & habitat: Approved Water Quality Guidelines Canadian Environmental Protection Act Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines Canadian Shellfish Sanitation Program Contaminated Sites Regulation Environmental Management Act Fisheries Act Health Canada Recreational Water Guidelines Municipal Sewage Regulation Persistence and Bioaccumulation Regulations Waste Discharge Regulation

What is Pollution? Grease & Oil 5,000,000 kgs/year Organics 16,000,000 kgs/year Metals & minerals 2,500,000 kgs/year Fisheries Act CanadianEnvironmental Protection Act Environmental Management Act

It's a Resource Metals & minerals 2,500,000 kgs/year Grease & oil 5,000,000 kgs/year Organics 16,000,000 kgs/year $3,000,000 as biodiesel $3,000,000 as biogas Kyoto & green power $credits Kyoto & green power $ credits $700,000 Reduced greenhouse gases: 33,000,000 kgs/year

Some treatment options Constructed wetlands Anaerobic treatment (resource recovery option) Aerobic treatment (traditional option)

Organic waste Traditional vs. recovery Oxygen CO 2 Methane AerobicAnaerobic CO 2

The recovery option Biogas Scrubber Biogas Sludge Treated Sewage Digester Raw Sewage Scrubber Biogas Mineral/ metal ingots Pyrolysis Digester Biogas Cooke r 180ºC Other Organic Waste

What recovery looks like Kristianstad biogas plant, Sweden

Lille, France runs 100 buses on biogas What recovery looks like Biofuels in Europe Sweden runs 5,300 vehicles & much of its transit system on biogas There are over 3,000 biogas plants in Europe

Next-generation sewagenuity Dockside: electricity, biofuels, heat, and compost Microbial fuel cell

Can you imagine... Can you imagine... Our transit buses running on biogas? Politicians driving biofuelled cars to work? Whale watching boats running on biodiesel?

The costs & benefits Costs Capital: $ M before grants, $50-60M after Operating: $7-10M/yr, less $ from resources Total: ~$90/home/year Benefits Less water, land and air pollution Source of sustainable energy Value of enhanced tourism & our technology

You could ask that existing environmental laws be applied here, as they are elsewhere in Canada: Environment Minister Stéphane Dion: Minster of Environment Barry Penner: Would you like to help?