Internet Gateway Device (IGD) Philip Poulidis Director, Home Networking GlobespanVirata

Agenda Introduction Network Address Translation (NAT) The Problem with NAT The Solution UPnP IGD Explained Certification

Introduction Ubiquitous broadband access creates demand for Internet connectivity among multiple PCs and devices inside the home. As more nodes connect to the “network” they each require an IP address. Today, IP addresses are limited so Network Address Translation (NAT) is used.

What is NAT? Network Address Translation (NAT) is a widely used technique to allow multiple systems on a Local Area Network (LAN) to share a single, globally routable IP address. Systems on the LAN use IP addresses from reserved private address ranges; these addresses are used normally for all LAN communications, but cannot be used on the public Internet. In order for applications on these systems to communicate with the Internet, the NAT gateway maps the address for each internal system and application onto a shared public address. 192.168.0.2 External IP Address xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.4

What’s Wrong with NAT? Peer-to-Peer PC Applications don’t work through a Router with NAT! Multi-player games Real time communications (MSN Messenger) Peer-to-peer services Remote Assistance (a feature in Windows XP)                                     192.168.0.2 External IP Address xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.4

The Problem Manual configuration of the home gateway or router required by end-user. This problem results in: Increased tech support calls to Service Providers, CPE device vendors and gaming vendors Frustrated end-users Ports left open resulting in security hazard

Out With the Old… The most common method of dealing with this problem was the programming of Application Level Gateways (ALGs) in home routers. “ALG’s are application specific translation agents that allow an application on a host in one address realm to connect to its counterpart running on a host in different realm transparently.” (RFC2663) This resulted in constant updates to already deployed routers in order to handle new applications.

In With the New… The Solution: UPnP IGD The UPnP Internet Gateway Device (IGD) is an “edge” interconnect device between a residential Local Area Network (LAN) and the Wide Area Network (WAN), providing connectivity to the Internet. Broadband Gateway/Router with UPnP IGD

UPnP IGD Defined It provides: automatic and seamless sharing and configuration of Internet data access among networked devices in the residential network richer end-user experience for UPnP enabled devices status and events on connections control of initiation and termination of connections UPnP Internet Gateway Device (IGD) has been approved as a Standardized Device Control Protocol (DCP)

The Magic of NAT Traversal UPnP IGD NAT Traversal is enabled by: Ability to “learn” public IP address Enumerating existing port mappings Adding and removing port mappings Assigning lease times to mappings Key Benefits of UPnP IGD NAT Traversal No More Application Level Gateways (ALGs) Windows XP Supports UPnP NAT Traversal Today! .NET Windows Messenger / Instant Messenger WinXP Remote Assistance Direct Play 8 Supports UPnP NAT Traversal Today! UPnP Aware Internet Games Available in Stores Now

NAT Traversal Explained An Application on Windows XP wants to allow external traffic from the Internet: 1. It requests the IGD to create a port mapping. Request Port X(Internal) & Port Y(External) for incoming data UPnP SOAP Action AddPortMapping(X,Y) 2. The IGD receives a SOAP action and executes internal functions. 3. IGD configures NAT to allow external traffic on the requested port. Data(Y(External)) Port X(Internal) : Y(External) Data(X(Internal))

NAT Traversal Benefits For the Customer: Networking Applications Just Work Automatic link to user friendly GUI No need to call "Support" (ISP, Application Vendor or IGD Vendor) For the Internet Service Provider (ISP) Ease of installation and set up process Reduced Support Calls Reduced Termination of Service For the Software Application Vendor: No Application Specific ALGs Reduced Software Product Returns For the UPnP IGD Vendor: No Software Application Specific ALGs Reduced UPnP IGD Device Returns

Certified Products

Getting Certified The 5 steps to certifying your gateway or router: First, you must be a member of both the UPnP Forum and the UIC. The 5 steps to certifying your gateway or router: Obtain access to the test tool on the UIC web site in the Members Only area. Run the test tool either at a third-party lab or in-house. Submit the test logs, device registration form, and $2000 device registration fee to the Test Reviewer. Once these steps have been taken, the following occurs: The Test Reviewer reviews the test logs and provides feedback within 2-5 working days. If the device passed the test, you are notified and receive a certificate                                           

Using the UPnP Logo Once you certify your device, you may use the certification mark on the certified device and associated marketing material. Note: If the device incorporates UPnP firmware that is identical to that of a previously certified device, the device registration fee is waived.

For more information visit: http://www.upnp.org http://www.upnp-ic.org

For the interconnected lifestyle