Places and People The 13 colonies
People to know John Locke English Philosopher Beliefs Personal liberty could coexist with political order Consent is the basis for government and fixes its limits; Government is a social contract with limited powers Government can be modified by the governed Introduced unalienable rights which included life, liberty and protection of property Introduced legislative and executive branches of a government
People to know Charles de Montesquieu French philosopher Beliefs Added the Judiciary to the Branches of Government Introduced separation of powers; believed that in a republic, education is an absolute necessity
People to know William Blackstone English judge, jurist and professor wrote the book on common law called Commentaries on the Laws of England wrote about “natural rights” which included life and liberty Beliefs Religious tolerance The idea of self-defense (later became the 2nd Amendment)
Southern colonies Physical Characteristics Human Characteristics Appalachian Mountains navigable rivers, richer soil, warm climate, raw materials, Human Characteristics Economic: plantations, Political: more slaves, more class-based society, Social: small coastal towns Religious: Church of England, Catholics
Important Details Jamestown, Virginia (1st Colony) founded in 1607 Virginia House of Burgesses (1619) 1st representative assembly in the colonies. Enacted laws and to protect individual rights. Maryland established for religious freedom for Catholics Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina established for economic freedom Georgia established for refuge for English debtors (poor) and as a buffer zone against Spanish Florida
New England Physical Characteristics Human Characteristics Atlantic Ocean, subsistence farming, poor soil, cold climate, forest Human Characteristics Economic: raw materials, logging, fishing, shipbuilding Political: town meetings, representative government Social factors: small coastal towns Religious factors: Puritans
Important Details Plymouth, Massachusetts 2nd colony founded in 1620 Maine is part of Massachusetts Mayflower Compact (1620) Established the idea of self-government and majority rule Provided a model for later development of representative government. A social contract where all agreed to abide by these rules. Thomas Hooker Puritan Leader that migrated to Connecticut; influenced the writing of the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1638) 1st written constitution in the colonies. This document stated that people had the right to elect governors, judges, and a legislature. All colonies founded for religious freedom for Puritans Boston, Massachusetts largest city in region
Middle Colonies Physical Characteristics Human Characteristics Rich soil; broad, deep rivers; more natural ports; river valleys, mild winters, raw materials, Atlantic Ocean Human Characteristics Economic: large farms, logging, fishing, shipbuilding Political: more tolerance Social: small coastal towns Religious: Quakers
Important Details William Penn New Amsterdam Founds Pennsylvania Religious and political freedom for Quakers New Amsterdam Renamed New York after England defeats Denmark in war The colonies of New York, New Jersey, and Delaware founded for economic freedom The two largest cities of the colony are New York, New York and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
13 colonies map
New England Colonies Never Make Cynthia Run Middle Colonies New Pennies Dimes Southern Colonies My Vehicle Needs Some Gas
Southern Colonies My Maryland Vehicle Virginia Needs North Carolina Some South Carolina Gas Georgia
New England Colonies Never New Hampshire Make Massachusetts Cynthia Connecticut Run Rhode Island
Middle Colonies New New York Pennies Pennsylvania New New Jersey Dimes Delaware