Three Epochs in History Jewish Church (First Century) Hellenistic / European Church ( ) World Church (1965-Present)

Sources Acts of the Apostles Paul’s Letters Catholic Letters Josephus Tacitus Eusebius

Preparation For the Church Jesus’ passion, death, and resurrection Jesus gives Apostles authority to baptize, forgive sins, and celebrate the Eucharist Jesus Ascends to Heaven Pentecost

Jewish Foundations Jesus and His Apostles were Jewish James’ vision was of a Jesus- movement that remained Jewish Peter and Paul had a different vision Only one vision would prevail Jesus, the Jew, healing in the Temple

Mission in Jerusalem Community expands Chief priests become enemies of the Christians Deacons Stephen is stoned to death

Mission outside Jerusalem Apostles travel Form Christian communities in other cities Apostles meet as a group to make decisions Apostles pass along their authority to Bishops

Title “Christian” Acts 11:26 Church in Antioch dubs themselves “Christian” One who follows—and has been baptized in the name of—the Christ (God’s Anointed), Jesus

St. Paul Understood himself as a Jew meant to bring Salvation to all peoples Began to open up membership to non-Jews Recruiting members (different from mainstream Judaism) Creates questions about Membership What role would a Jewish Temple play for Greek followers of Christ Out Preaching the Gospel and converting….admittedly, Paul probably didn’t wear a suit.

Council of Jerusalem 49 C.E. Questions about membership Did one have to become Jewish to follow Christ Questions about Circumcision and dietary concerns Compromise reached If the Council of Jerusalem had occurred in Middle Earth, instead of the Middle East, this is what it might have looked like.

Jewish Revolt 66 – 70 C.E. Various Jewish factions took control of Jerusalem Jewish Christians fled Romans retook Jerusalem after three years of fighting Horrific warfare Jerusalem is scorched to the ground

Aftermath Temple Destroyed Jerusalem erased form the map New Roman Colony erected Christians relocate to Jordan Pharisaic Jews, Zealots, and Christians only groups to emerge Anger towards Christians for not helping

Another Jewish Rebellion Led by Simon Bar’Koba Romans mercilessly expunge this revolt Disperse Jews through out Mediterranean Jewish Faith left in shambles

Theological Divorce Fall of Temple means both Jesus-Jews and Pharisaic-Jews need to refocus Jesus-Jews (Christians) theology centres on Sacraments Pharisaic-Jews (Rabbinic Judaism) centres on Scripture Hostilities emerge between Christians and Jews at the turn of the century

Greco-Roman World Council of Jerusalem, 49 CE Didache, 100 CE Irenaeous of Lyon, 2 nd century CE Constantine legalizes Christianity, rd – 4 th century, Christianity solidified

Rise of the Papacy, Fall of Rome Papacy, late 4 th – 5 th century Pope Leo the Great Council of Chalcedon, 449 Pope Gregory the Great Rome falls, 476

Evangelization of Northern Europe 8 th – 9 th Century Monks Confession, spiritual counseling Gregorian Reforms

Medieval Church 8 th – 13 th Century Islam Relationship between faith and Reason St. Anselm, 11 th Century Thomas Aquinas, 13 th Century Crusades, 1095

Reform and Counter-Reformation 16 th – 17 th Century Martin Luther Proposes reforms Council of Trent,

European Empires Overseas 17 th – 19 th Century Trade routes opening up Jesuits successful spreading Christianity Canada: Jean de Brebeuf

Rationalism Enlightenment period, 18 th – 19 th Century Replace faith with reason Reject authority Revolutions: American, French, Italian, Russian Church Responses: Liberal and Ultramontane Vatican I,

Precursor to Global Christianity Trade Routes and Missionaries, 17 th – 19 th Centuries American Independence, World War I, World War II,

Vatican II Vision set by Pope John XXIII Invites Bishops, non-Catholics, and non-Christians Appoints more Cardinals Opens up the Vatican

Lumen Gentium The Light of Nations Vision of the Church Entire body of Christ, throughout the world Christ fully subsists in the Bishops and Pope

Unity and Diversity Balancing both is a challenge Translation of the English Mass Collegiality of the Bishops Conferences of Catholic Bishops Bishops Synods

Globalism in the Church Pope John Paul II Cardinal Ouellet Pope Benedict XVI Pope Francis