Symmetry is the exact correspondence in size, shape and position of the parts of a whole.

AXIAL SYMMETRY: when equal elements of a figure are equidistant from a line called "axis of symmetry“.

Whenever a figure can be divided, forming with it two equal parts, we say that it is a symmetrical figure.

RADIAL SYMMETRY: when each point of a figure corresponds to another of the same figure, being in the same straight line, opposite and equal distance from another point called the "center of symmetry".

GEOMETRIC SYMMETRY: It is characterized by the accuracy of the path. To draw shapes with geometric symmetry, we will use the square, triangle, ruler and compass. Simetría axial Simetría radial o central

Axial symmetry examples:

Radial or central symmetry examples:

AXIAL LAYOUT FIGURES

Draw the axis of symmetry and the perpendicular lines to the axis.

Symmetrical dots are marked on the perpendicular; what you mark on one side of the axis, you also have to mark on the other (using your compass). AXIAL LAYOUT FIGURES

Now we just need to connect the dots. AXIAL LAYOUT FIGURES

Palma Cathedral Rose Window RADIAL LAYOUT FIGURES

Draw a circle and its diameter

Divide the circumference into six equal parts

Connect the points A, E, F. drawing an equilateral triangle

Connect the BCD points drawing another equilateral triangle. You already have a figure of radial symmetry, now you need to create more shapes to have a more attractive result.

Connect the points A B C D E F drawing a hexagon.

Join ALTERNATELY the points of the small hexagon drawing another STAR polygon.

Prick on the small STAR polygon edges and draw arcs at the sides of the big hexagon.

You can keep pricking on the small hex points or joining other points, but always respecting the radial symmetry

APPARENT SYMMETRY: Which fulfill the general rules of symmetry, varies slightly the disposition of their points from the axis or center of symmetry. Simetría axial: ejemplos

EXPRESSIVE CAPACITY OF SYMMETRY A composition is symmetrical when the visual weight of the elements is distributed equivalently in respect to one of the principal axes vertical or horizontal. Also there is a symmetry regarding a diagonal axis. Usually the symmetry implies statist.

Artistic expression employs both: the apparent and the geometric symmetry.... RUBEM VALENTIM. S/T 1956 EMBLEMA

When symmetry is chosen as a way of expression, it is for the purpose of producing an effect of visual order and stability. M.C. ESCHER

VISUAL MASS BALANCE Symmetry is simply a case of equilibrium. We can balance a composition using the symmetry apparent compensating of the "visual mass." Annunciation. Fra Angelico The characters do not fulfill the axial symmetry, but the space is divided into two equal parts, taking up similar space, without encroaching on each other.

Symmetry allows ordering and decorating a space whose point of interest is in the center. Heart Kids - Romero Brito VISUAL MASS BALANCE

POSITIVE / NEGATIVE