Eco-Factor design method 4 th Annex 44 Forum / TORINO / 29 march 2006 Åsa Wahlström SP Swedish National Testing and Research Institute Henrik Brohus Aalborg University

The performance of the building – a question of system Åsa Wahlström Adequate Indoor climate (gain) Effective energy use (cost) Outdoor environmental impact

Difficult to overview the impact of the environment Åsa Wahlström Use of electricity, heating and cooling Gain in indoor climate Overall thermal balance Warm or cold floors Radiant temperature asymmetry Local discomfort Vertical temperature gradient Draught IAQ CO 2 CO NO x Particles SO x N2ON2O NH 3 CH 4 NMVOC

Objective -to develop a method that assists in interpretation and evaluation of the performance of different system solutions Åsa Wahlström Client ArchitectBuilder

Interdisplinary development of a new simple tool Åsa Wahlström

Eco-factor for indoor climate Åsa Wahlström  IAQ  Thermal comfort –Overall thermal comfort –Local thermal comfort Draught Air temperature gradient Radiant temperature asymmetry Warm/cold floors

Score-function for indoor climate Åsa Wahlström  100% Eco-factor –Minimum percentages dissatisfied (ISO 7730)  50% Eco-factor –Medium level of expectations (CR 1752, Case B)

Eco-factor for energy use Åsa Wahlström  Energy use for each energy source  Emissions from each energy source Impact:Established environmental assessment methods (EPS, Eco-indicator 99 etc.)

Score-function for energy use Åsa Wahlström  100% Eco-factor - No emissions  25% Eco-factor - Emissions from an average European office

Eco-factor for visualization of performance Åsa Wahlström

Input, Eco-factor Tool, 1 Åsa Wahlström

Input, Eco-factor Tool, 2 Åsa Wahlström

Output, Eco-factor Tool, 1 Åsa Wahlström

Output, Eco-factor Tool, 2 Åsa Wahlström

Example B&O headquarter Åsa Wahlström We find the ”missing” points in the IP

Alternative Energy Source Åsa Wahlström (  9 %)

Conclusions Åsa Wahlström  Spreadsheet based tool,  Easily accessible in practise  Both energy use and indoor climate  Relatively quickly provide an visual presentation  Easy to understand and communicate with one common scale  Based on physical indicators and evaluation methods that are already well-known and recognized in the building community Total Eco-factor = 60 % Energy Indoor climate

Conclusions Åsa Wahlström  Supports an iterative procedure, useful for “integrated design”  Immediate feedback on design changes  Communication: experts vs. non-experts  Ranking of solutions  Encourage a comprehensive view Total Eco-factor = 60 % EnergyIndoor climate