 Public speaking is speaking to a group of people in a structured, deliberate manner intended to inform, influence, or entertain the listeners.

 The sender or originator of the message

 The content or signal that the source/ sender gives to the receiver.

 The listener or audience that interprets the message.

 The sense (eyes, ears, nose, mouth, body) used to send a message. More than one sense can be used to send a message.

 The time, setting, or situation in which communication occurs.

 Anything audible that gets in the way of the message.

 The reactions of the listener to the source. Listeners give feedback through comments, facial expressions, and body movements.

 The materials used to support a speaker's ideas.  The three major kinds of supporting materials are: examples, statistics, and testimony.

 The loudness or softness of the speaker's voice

 Making your voice loud enough that the person in the back of the room can hear you.

 The speed at which you speak

 Changes in a speaker's rate, pitch, and volume that give the voice variety and expressiveness

 Talking with the same voice (opposite of vocal variety/ inflection)

 How clearly you speak

 A temporary stop or rest

 Distracting words that fill pauses in speaking  Examples include: Um, uh, and like

 One or more motions or positions of the muscles in the skin  These movements show the emotional state of the individual to observers.  A form of nonverbal communication

 Looking people in the eye  A form of nonverbal communication

 Motions of a speaker's hands or arms during a speech

 Communication based on a person's use of voice and body, rather than on the use of words

 A speech done without preparing beforehand

 Anxiety over the prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience