Urgent Advice Around this time, you will be tempted to focus on lab. However, next month is the hardest test of the year: muscle lab exam. There are 75 muscle names, origins, insertions, and actions to learn in 3 weeks. That means you have to memorize 3 a day, 6 days a week, starting right after the bone lab exam. If you are behind in lecture, you will want to focus on lecture and you will not memorize 3 muscle OIA’s a day. As soon as the lecture exam is over, there will only be 2 weeks until the hard lab exam, and you will have to memorize 6 OIA’s per day. That may seem easy, but 3 a day is challanging and 6 per day is very difficult. The solution is to keep up in lecture, and start memorizing 3 OIA’s a day right after the lab exam.

Os Coxa (Innominate bone): The fusion of 3 bones during childhood Ilium ischium pubis

OS COXA Acetabulum Obturator foramen

Lateral and Medial Views of the Hip Bone Tubercle of the iliac crest Ilium Ilium Ala Anterior gluteal line Iliac fossa Iliac crest Iliac crest Posterior gluteal line Anterior superior iliac spine Anterior superior iliac spine Posterior superior iliac spine Posterior superior iIiac spine Inferior gluteal line Posterior inferior iliac spine Posterior inferior iliac spine Anterior inferior iliac spine Anterior inferior iliac spine Body of the ilium Greater sciatic notch Acetabulum Arcuate line Auricular surface Ischial body Superior ramus of pubis Ischial spine Ischial spine Pubic tubercle Lesser sciatic notch Obturator foramen Pubic body Ischium Pubis Articular surface of pubis (at pubic symphysis) Ischium Ischial tuberosity Ilium Ischial ramus Inferior ramus of pubis Ischium Ischial ramus Inferior ramus of pubis Pubis (b) Lateral view, right hip bone (c) Medial view, right hip bone Figure 8.8b, c

Iliac fossa ILIUM Iliac crest Posterior superior iliac spine Anterior superior iliac spine Posterior inferior iliac spine Anterior inferior iliac spine Greater sciatic notch

Iliac fossa ILIUM Iliac crest Posterior superior iliac spine Anterior superior iliac spine Posterior inferior iliac spine Anterior inferior iliac spine Greater sciatic notch Lesser sciatic notch

ISCHIUM Anterior Ischial spine Lesser sciatic notch Ischial tuberosity

ISCHIUM Posterior Ischial spine Lesser sciatic notch Pubic bone Ischial tuberosity

PUBIS Pubic symphysis Pubic crest Pubic bone Pubic arch

Male pelvis Female pelvis

Female pelvis Male pelvis Pubic arch is broader in female Pubic arch is narrower in male

Male pelvis Female pelvis

FEMUR Greater trochanter Gluteal tuberosity Neck Lesser trochanter Head Fovea capitis

FEMUR Head Neck Fovea capitus Greater trochanter Intertrochanteric crest Lesser trochanter

FEMUR Medial condyle Gluteal tuberosity Linea aspera Popliteal fossa Lateral condyle

FEMUR Medial epicondyle (adductor tubercle) Medial condyle Lateral condyle

Lateral condyle Medial condyle Tibial tuberosity Anterior crest TIBIA Medial malleolus Fibular notch

TIBIA Medial malleolus

TIBIA Medial malleolus Fibular notch

TIBIA Medial malleolus Fibular notch

Intercondylar eminance TIBIA Intercondylar eminance

FIBULA Lateral malleolus Head Head Lateral malleolus

TARSALS MEDIAL (or 1st) CUNEIFORM NAVICULAR TALUS INTERMEDIATE (or 2nd) CUNEIFORM LATERAL (or 3rd) CUNEIFORM CUBOID CALCANEUS

METATARSALS: 1-5 FIRST METATARSAL Styloid Process FIFTH METATARSAL

PHALANGES DISTAL PHALANX, FIRST DIGIT PROXIMAL PHALANX, FIRST DIGIT DISTAL PHALANX, FIFTH DIGIT INTERMEDIATE PHALANX, THIRD DIGIT

TIBIA and PATELLA

Patella Medial articular facet Lateral articular facet Base Apex

Patella Medial articular facet Lateral articular facet The Lateral facet is larger. If you place the patella on your desk, it will always fall onto the lateral articular facet.

Turning An Ankle Into A 'Knee' Patient was a five-year-old girl with Ewing's sarcoma, a cancerous tumor, behind her left knee. Surgeons at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia used a limb-sparing technique called rotationplasty to remove the diseased portion of bone, turn the shortened portion of the leg bone in a half-circle and reattach it, with the ankle joint functioning as a knee. With a prosthetic attached to the mobile joint, the child, now 13, enjoys gymnastics and cheerleading.

Turning An Ankle Into A 'Knee' Video of the 13-year-old patient, walking with a normal gait, can be viewed here: http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/351/8/e7

Rotationplasty VIDEO MBA Implant