BONES OF UPPER EXTREMITY

Sternum Manubrium: Body of sternum: Xiphoid process Sternal (jugular) notch Clavicular and costal facets Sternal angle (of Louis): Marks location of second ribs. Body of sternum: Sternebrae Xiphoid process

Clavicle: Shape Sigmoid Convex anteriorly Concave posteriorly

Clavicle: Ligament Attachments Sternal end of clavicle to first costal cartilage: Costoclavicular ligament Conoid tubercle: Conoid portion of coracoclavicular ligament Trapezoid line: Trapezoid portion of coracoclavicular ligament

Clavicle: Muscle Attachments Deltoid Pectoralis major Trapezius Sternocleidomastoid Subclavius

Scapula Crosses ribs 2 through 7 in anatomical position.

Scapula: Posterior Surface Scapular spine Supraspinous fossa Infraspinous fossa Spinoglenoid notch Medial (vertebral border) Superior angle Inferior angle

Scapula: Anterior Surface Subscapular fossa Scapular (suprascapular) notch

Scapula: Coracoid Process Muscle attachments: Biceps brachii brevis Coracobrachialis Pectoralis minor

Scapular Processes Acromion process Glenoid process: Articulation with head of humerus. Supraglenoid tubercle: Biceps brachii longus tendon Infraglenoid tubercle: Triceps longus

Humerus Anatomical neck Surgical neck Head Medial supracondylar ridge (crest) Lateral supracondylar ridge (crest) Medial epicondyle Lateral epicondyle Deltoid tuberosity

Humerus: Anterior Surface Greater tubercle (tuberosity): Superior facet (for supraspinatus muscle) Middle facet (for infraspinatus muscle) Inferior facet (for teres minor muscle) Lesser tubercle (tuberosity): For subscapularis muscle Intertubercular groove: For latissimus dorsi muscle

Humerus: Anterior Surface Crest of greater tubercle (lateral lip): For pectoralis major muscle Crest of lesser tubercle (medial lip): For teres major muscle Radial fossa Coronoid fossa Capitulum Trochlea

Humerus: Posterior Surface Spiral (radial) groove: For radial nerve and deep brachial artery Origin of lateral triceps superior to groove Origin of medial triceps inferior to groove Olecranon fossa

Radius Head Neck Styloid process Articular surface for scaphoid bone Articulates with capitulum of humerus Fovea Neck Just distal to head Styloid process Distal, lateral process Articular surface for scaphoid bone Articular surface for lunate bone

Radius Ulnar notch Interosseous margin Anterior margin At distal end of radius on medial side Interosseous margin On medial side For attachment of interosseous membrane Anterior margin Radial tuberosity (bicipital tuberosity) Insertion for biceps brachii muscle

Radius Posterior margin Dorsal tubercle Groove to extensor pollicis longus is lateral. Groove for extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis is medial. Groove for extensor digitorum and indicis muscles

Ulna Interosseous margin Head (distal) Styloid process Radial notch Distal, medial Radial notch At proximal end

Ulna Trochlear notch: Coronoid process Tuberosity Anterior border Articulates with trochlea of humerus Coronoid process Tuberosity Anterior border

Ulna Supinator fossa Supinator crest Posterior border Olecranon process: For insertion of triceps

Carpus Proximal row of bones (radial to ulnar): Scaphoid: Lunate Tubercle of scaphoid Lunate Triquetral Pisiform: Sesamoid bone in tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris

Carpus Distal row of bones (radial to ulnar): Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate Hamate: Hook of hamate (hamulus) Carpometacarpal joint (CMC) Metacarpals

Carpus Metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) Phalanges Proximal: Middle: Proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP) Middle: Distal interphalangeal joint (DIP) Distal: