How light behaves. Interference In many cases, light can be thought of as being a wave with crests and troughs. When two light waves cross through the.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Properties of Light.
Advertisements

Light Waves What we call light is a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum All the different colors are electromagnetic waves with different wave.
Light Chapter
Diffraction and Interference
Chapter 24 Wave Nature of Light: © 2006, B.J. Lieb
WAVES CARRY ENERGY! MECHANICAL WAVES
The Wave Nature of Light
Waves 1 What are waves? Different types of waves carry signals to televisions and radios. Sound and light waves move all around you and enable you to hear.
Diffraction The bending/spreading of waves as they go through gaps or around edges The effect is greatest when gap width is equal to or smaller than the.
Radiation:.
The Wave Nature of Light
Wave Behavior S8P4a. Identify the characteristics of electromagnetic and mechanical waves. S8P4b. Describe how the behavior of light waves is manipulated.
Diffraction and Interference Physics Light Light has Wave properties Light can Diffract Light can Interfere – Constructively – Destructively.
Lesson 26 Diffraction and Interference Eleanor Roosevelt High School Chin-Sung Lin.
Alayssa Pearl M. Fazon III - Galileo. When two light waves cross through the same spot, they interfere with each other – that is, they add to or subtract.
Light Students will learn about light.. Light Light is a transverse electromagnetic wave. Consider the electric field portion as transverse up and down.
How Light Behaves. Optics Study of light Luminous – when a body gives of light Incandescent – when a body that gives of light through when heated A body.
Light.
CP Physics Ms. Morrison.  Moving charged particles create magnetic fields  Changing motion of charged particle creates expanding and collapsing magnetic.
IVA. Electromagnetic Waves and Optics
Chapter 16 Light Waves and Color
ElectroMagnetic Radiation Spectrum The basics about light and waves.
3: Interference, Diffraction and Polarization
Index Unit 03 Electron Configuration Module 01: Light as a Wave Based on the PowerPoints By Mr. Kevin Boudreaux, Angelo State Univerisity U03Mod01 Light.
P. Sci. Unit 5 Waves Chapter 17.
Light and Optics. Unit 8: Light and Optics Chapter 23: The Physical Nature of Light 23.1 Electromagnetic Spectrum 23.2 Interference, Diffraction, and.
Wave Nature of Light & Electromagnetic Waves History, Light is a Wave & Polarization History, Light is a Wave & Polarization.
Chapter 16 Light Waves and Color
In the previous chapter we were treating light as rays. A powerful simple method. Now we are treating light as a wave. Chapter 37 & 38: The wave nature.
WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT LIGHT?. What is Light? Light is a wave that we can see. –Light can carry heat and warmth. –Light has color. –Light can be bright.
Diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles or the edges of an opening. Huygen’s Principle - Every point on a wave front acts as a source of tiny.
The lens, diffraction and photon game
Chapter 16 Light. Light - an electromagnetic wave that is visible to the human eye History – Newton proposed that light was a particle, explained reflection.
What is a wave?  A wave is a transfer of energy from one point to another via a traveling disturbance  A wave is characterized by its wavelength, frequency,
Chapter – 16 Light. Electromagnetic radiation – energy carried through space in the form of waves.
Ch 16 Interference. Diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles or the edges of an opening. Huygen’s Principle - Every point on a wave front.
Light - an ___________________ wave (EM wave). It can travel without a _______________. It can travel through _______ or _______________ and consists.
Interference & Diffraction. Interference Like other forms of wave energy, light waves also combine with each other Interference only occurs between waves.
Diffraction & Interference of Light
The Wave Nature of Light
4.3.5 – – A.S. Due Monday, May 18.
The Nature of Light. Light Can Act Like Waves or In 1801 Thomas Young an English scientist did an experiment. –Double slit experiment Passed a beam of.
Chapter 16 Light. Objectives Chapter 16 Recognize that light is the visible portion of an entire range of electromagnetic frequencies. Describe the ray.
Higher Physics – Unit Waves. a a λ λ crest trough Wave Theory All waves transmit energy. The energy of a wave depends on its amplitude. a = amplitude.
Even a single slit causes a diffraction pattern, because every point in the slit serves as a source of a wave. Different parts of the slit have different.
Chapter 24 Wave Optics Conceptual Quiz Questions.
WAVE INTERACTIONS Longitudinal Wave (Compression Wave) wave particles vibrate back and forth along the path that the wave travels.
L 32 Light and Optics-4 Up to now we have been studying geometric optics Today we will look at effects related to the wave nature of light – physical optics.
 Light waves are a little more complicated than water waves. They do not need a medium to travel through. They can travel through a vacuum.
Electromagnetic Waves Electromagnetic energy is created by objects in outer space and by humans.
29:006 FINAL EXAM FRIDAY MAY 11 3:00 – 5:00 PM IN LR1 VAN.
L 33 Light and Optics [4] Measurements of the speed of light  The bending of light – refraction  Total internal reflection  Dispersion Dispersion 
PROPERTIES OF WAVES Let’s Surf!. What is a wave? A wave is an oscillation that travels, moving energy from one place to another Caused by a vibration.
Light Waves Waves in Empty Space – Don’t Write This!! Light from the Moon has traveled through space that contains almost no matter. You can see.
Chemical Effects The energy of light can chemically change the surfaces of materials absorbing it. Light changes the chemistry of the eye’s retina, so.
Wave Characteristics Rarefaction Wavelength Trough Transverse Period.
Sound and Light Waves Sound Light. Waves Energy is carried from one place to another by waves A longitudinal wave moves through a medium by particles.
Light. Vocabulary Wavelength Crest Trough Reflection Refraction Transparent Translucent Opaque Transverse waves Visible spectrum.
WAVES SP4. Students will analyze the properties and applications of waves. a. Explain the processes that result in the production and energy transfer.
Waves.
L 32 Light and Optics [3] Measurements of the speed of light 
WAVES.
Interference – Young’s Double-Slit Experiment
WAVE INTERACTIONS.
L 34 Light and Optics [4] Measurements of the speed of light 
Students will learn about light.
Wave Behaviors We will discuss different manners in which a wave can behave when it comes in contact with matter or other waves!
L 34 Light and Optics [4] Measurements of the speed of light 
Diffraction and Interference
Waves/Sound/Light/ Color Notes
Presentation transcript:

How light behaves

Interference In many cases, light can be thought of as being a wave with crests and troughs. When two light waves cross through the same spot they interfere with each other-that is they add to or subtract from each other. The two crests add together to give a larger crest. This process, called constructive interference gives brighter light than either wave would have separately.

Suppose instead that whenever a crest of one wave crosses through the spot, a trough of the other wave also does. The trough reduces the height of the crest, leaving the spot dim or even dark. This process is called destructive interference. The light that filled the screen with bright and dark lines are called fringes. Bright fringes occurred where the to waves arrived crest-on-trough to give constructive interference. Dark fringes occurred where the to waves arrived crest-ontrough to give destructive interference.

Holograms are specialized interference patterns recorded on a thin film emulsion on glass or plastic, enabling your eyes to see exactly the pattern of light waves that was reflected by a three- dimensional object. Ex.

Diffraction In Young’s experiment, the light passing through each slit spread. This type of spreading is called diffraction. Diffraction of light can be a nuisance. Suppose you attempt to see a very small object by using a high- quality microscope. As you increase the magnifying power to see the object and more closely, the object’s edges begin to blur. Each edge blurs because the light passing by the edge on its way to the eye diffracts.

Dispersion Dispersion is the spreading of light into its colors. The dispersion of white light separates the colors of the full visible spectrum. A ray of white light that passes through, a prism is dispersed into the visible spectrum. Red light is refracted the least, and the purple light is refracted the most. This is because the speed of the various wavelengths in glass is different, slowest for violet light and fastest for red light.

Polarization Polarization involves the oscillations(regular variations in strength) of the electric fields that make up a light wave. The directions of the oscillations may be presented by arrows. In most of the light we see, the arrows point in many directions perpendicular to the ray’s path. Such light is unpolarized.

Chemical Effects The energy can chemically change the surface of materials absorbing it. For example, light chemically changes the molecules of silver grains on photographic film so that an image can be recorded on it. Strong light can fade colored fabrics by chemically changing their dyes. Light changes the chemistry of the eye’s retina, so that the retina process by which they make food.

Measuring Light Scientists measure wavelengths of light in a variety of metric units. One common unit is the nanometer, which equals a billionth of a meter, or 1/25,400,000 inch. The wavelengths if light in the visible spectrum range from about 400 nanometers for deep violet to about 700 nanometers for deep red. The frequency of any equals the ratio of the wave’s speed to its wavelength. Frequencies are measured in units called hertz.

The Brightness of Light Scientists use various units to measure the brightness of a light source and the amount of energy in a beam of light coming from that source. The amount of light produced by any light source is called the luminous intensity of that source. The standard unit used to measure luminous intensity is the candela. For many years, the luminous intensity produced by a certain size candle made from the oil of sperm whales sarved as the standard.

The unit called a candle. However, the sperm whale candle did not provide an easily used standards for the measurement of light. One candela is now defined as the amount if light given off by a source emitting at a specific frequency (540,000,000,000,000 hertz) and at a specific intensity (1/683 watt per unit of area called a steradian).

The Speed of Light Although light seems to travel across a room the instant a window shade is raised, it actually takes some time to travel any distance. The speed of light in empty space where atoms do not delay its travel-is 186,282 miles (299, 792 kilometers) per second. This speed is said to be invariant because it does not depend on the motion of the light’s source. For example, light that is emitted by a rapidly moving flashlight has the same speed as light that is emitted by a stationary flashlight. Scientists do not know why this is true, but the fact is one of the foundations of Einstein’s theory of relativity.

Interference

Diffraction

Dispersion

Polarization