DC Polarography – Dropping Hg electrode (DME)
hydro/fig1.gif First analytically reproducible electrode, quantitiative metal ion and organic analysis
Prof. Jaraslov Heyrovsky, Charles Univ., Prague, Czech Republic, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1959 for discovery of Polarography Prof. Petr Zuman, Clarkson Univ. Heyrovsky’s PhD student and my advisor, “scientific grandpa” to some of you!
Modern 3-electrode potentiostat Voltage follower Output, I vs. E To computer
Counter reference working Counter working = I R cell I R u
Steady state I-E methods dc polarogrpahy rotating disk voltammetry square wave voltammetry Square wave input
Steady state voltammetry methods ILIL
Staircase input waveforms are used to approximate linear scans