May 27 th 2011 IRC - Codes Report Energy Efficiency in Housing and Small Buildings

2 Building Envelope Outline –Progress & Schedule –Objectives, Functional Statements –Application –Building Envelope Requirements Insulation Requirements –Nominal vs Effective –Introduction to Appendix Information –Simple Trade-Off –Validation

3 Progress Since November 2010, –the Joint Task Group has held 3 meetings –and its sub-task groups have held over 30+ meetings –5 teleconferences of the Executive Committee, –1 meeting of the Commission. Developing 80 new pages of code

4 Proposed Project Schedule SCEEB meeting May.5 – 6, 2011 SCH meeting May.25 – 26, batch of PCFs to E&TMay.31, 2011 (Appendices) Optional JTG-EEHSBJun.16 – Jun.30, batch of PCFs to E&TJun.30, 2011 (Prescriptive) 3. batch of PCFs to E&TJul.30, 2011 (Performance) SC-HSB and SC-EEBAug.15 – Sep.9, 2011 Pre-Public ReviewSep.12 – Oct.7, 2011 Resolution of Comments (EC)Oct.10 – Oct.12, Public ReviewOct.24 – Dec.16, 2011 Sub task group meetingsJan.4 – Jan.24, 2012 Joint Task group meetingFeb.3 – Feb.7, 2012 SCEEB meeting Feb.15, 2012 SCH meeting Feb.24, 2012 Post-Public ReviewMar.2 – Mar.31, 2012 CCBFC meeting to approveApr 20 – Apr.23, 2012 (no ballot) CCC staff review of draft Jun.27 – Jul.12, 2012 Publish Interim ChangesDec.20, 2012

5 Objectives OE Environment –An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of the building, the environment will be affected in an unacceptable manner. –OE1 Resources An objective of this Code is to limit the probability that, as a result of the design or construction of the building, resources will be used in a manner that will have an unacceptable effect on the environment. The risks of unacceptable effect on the environment due to use of resources addressed in this Code are those caused by – –OE1.1 excessive use of energy

6 Functional Statements NECB F90to limit the amount of uncontrolled air leakage through the building envelope F91to limit the amount of uncontrolled air leakage through the system components F92to limit the amount of uncontrolled thermal transfer through the building envelope F93to limit the amount of uncontrolled thermal transfer through the system components F94to limit the unnecessary energy demand and/or consumption of energy for lighting F95to limit the unnecessary energy demand and/or consumption of energy for heating and cooling F96to limit the unnecessary energy demand and/or consumption of energy for service water heating F97to limit the unnecessary energy demand and/or consumption of energy of electrical equipment and devices F98to limit the inefficiency of equipment F99to limit the inefficiency of systems F100to limit the unnecessary rejection of reusable waste energy

7 Functional Statements NBC Part 9 F90to limit the amount of uncontrolled air leakage through the building envelope F91to limit the amount of uncontrolled air leakage through the system components F92to limit the amount of uncontrolled thermal transfer through the building envelope F93to limit the amount of uncontrolled thermal transfer through the system components F94to limit the unnecessary energy demand and/or consumption of energy for lighting F95to limit the unnecessary energy demand and/or consumption of energy for heating and cooling F96to limit the unnecessary energy demand and/or consumption of energy for service water heating F97to limit the unnecessary energy demand and/or consumption of energy of electrical equipment and devices F98to limit the inefficiency of equipment F99to limit the inefficiency of systems F100to limit the unnecessary rejection of reusable waste energy

8 Scope and Application Small non-residential bldgs: –Less than 3000sqft floor area –Applicable to occupancies D, E and possibly F3 NECB

9 Building Envelope –Scope and Application –Determination of Thermal Characteristics –Calculation of Areas of Wall and Fenestration Effective Thermal Resistance of Materials, Components and Assemblies –Continuity of Insulation –Required Thermal Characteristics of Opaque Assemblies Above and Not in Contact with Ground Windows, Doors and Skylights Building Assemblies Below or in Contact With the Ground –Required Level of Airtightness –Construction of Air Barrier Details –Simple Trade-offs for Above-ground Components of the Building Envelope

10 Building Envelope –Scope and Application –Determination of Thermal Characteristics –Calculation of Areas of Wall and Fenestration Effective Thermal Resistance of Materials, Components and Assemblies –Continuity of Insulation –Required Thermal Characteristics of Opaque Assemblies Above and Not in Contact with Ground Windows, Doors and Skylights Building Assemblies Below or in Contact With the Ground –Required Level of Airtightness –Construction of Air Barrier Details –Simple Trade-offs for Above-ground Components of the Building Envelope

11 Building Envelope Prescriptive Thermal Requirements –Opaque Assemblies Above & Below Ground Code: minimum effective RSI Appendix: nominal R/RSI-values –Windows Doors & Skylights max. U-values (2010 Energy Star) min. ER values (not for skylights) –Various Compliance Paths 1.Insulation levels based on mechanical ventilation (no 2.5 ACH 2.Insulation levels based on 2.5 ACH

12 Proposed Requirements Locations by Climate Zone

13 Insulation Requirements Nominal vs. Effective Requirements –Nominal = Insulation Value –Effective = Actual Resistance of the Assembly

14 Insulation Requirements Nominal vs. Effective Requirements –Nominal = Insulation Value for 2x6 16”oc –Effective = Actual Resistance of the Assembly

15 Insulation Requirements Nominal vs. Effective Requirements –Depends on construction –Depends on how much framing is in the wall 16” oc = 23% framing = 77% insulation

16 Nominal Insulation vs. Effective RSI Example: 2 x 6 construction - 16” on center R19 77%23% R6.9

17 Nominal Insulation vs, Effective RSI Example: 2 x 6 construction - 16” on center R 1.41 R % R 19 R 1.41 R 1.13 R 6.9 R 9.44 R % R eff =16.64 RSI eff = 2.93U = 0.34

18 Example: 2 x 6 construction - 16” on center –Equation to calculate framing and insulation portion Nominal Insulation vs, Effective RSI

19 77%23% Nominal Insulation vs, Effective RSI Example: 2 x 6 construction - 16” on center –Cavity only –R19/20 Nominal = R eff = 2.93 RSI eff –R22 Nominal = R eff = 3.16 RSI eff –R24 Nominal = R eff = 3.30 RSI eff

20 Nominal Insulation vs, Effective RSI Example: 2 x 6 construction - 16” on center with ext. ins. R 6.41 R % R 19 R 6.41 R 1.13 R 6.9 R 14.44R % R 5 R 19 R eff =22.26 RSI eff = 3.92U = 0.26

21 77%23% Nominal Insulation vs. Effective RSI 2 x 6 Cavity only –R19/20 Nominal = R eff = 2.93 RSI eff –R22 Nominal = R eff = 3.16 RSI eff –R24 Nominal = R eff = 3.30 RSI eff 2 x 6 Cavity with exterior insulation –R19 + R5 = R24 Nominal= R eff = 3.92 RSI eff –R22 + R5 = R27 Nominal = R eff = 4.19 RSI eff 2 x 4 Cavity with exterior insulation –R12 + R10 = R22 Nominal= R eff = 3.92 RSI eff

22 Simple Trade Off –3 Options: 1.Opaque to Opaque 2.Opaque to Transparent (areas remain the same) 3.Trade Areas –Applies only to »houses/bldgs with FDWR 15% or less »Max, ce-ling height 7’ 8” –Limitations Can’t reduce R-Values –below 55% of the R-value for walls and attic roofs –below 60% of the R-values of other opaque assemblies Does not apply to –heated assemblies –components and assemblies already exempted –below ground assemblies

23 Building Envelope Simple Trade Off – Option 1 –Example: Trade Wall against Attic Insulation –Existing Case Assemblies Area R-value=40.73 W/K –Attic 200 m² 6.99 m²K/W (R40) –Wall40 m² 3.30 m²K/W (R24) : R ≥ 1.8 m²K/W –Desired Case Assemblies Area R-value –Attic200 m² ??? m²K/W –Wall40 m² 2.93 m²K/W (R20)

24 Building Envelope Simple Trade Off – Option 1 –Example: Trade Wall against Attic Insulation –Existing Case Assemblies Area R-value=40.73 W/K –Attic 200 m² 6.99 m²K/W (R40) –Wall40 m² 3.30 m²K/W (R24) : R ≥ 1.8 m²K/W –Desired Case Assemblies Area R-value= W/K –Attic200 m² 7.39 m²K/W (R 42) –Wall40 m² 2.93 m²K/W (R20)

25 Building Envelope Simple Trade Off – Option 2 –Example: Allow 1 decorative Window (2 m² with a U = 2.6) –Existing Case Assemblies Area R-value=125.5 W/K –Wall 200 m² 3.24 m²K/W (R22) –Window40 m² 0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6) : R ≥ 0.38 m²K/W : U ≤ 2.6 W/m²K –Desired Case Assemblies Area R-value≤ 125 W/K –Wall ??? 3.24 m²K/W (R22) –Window38 m² 0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6) –Window2m² 0.38 m²K/W (U=2.6) –Wall???3.43 m²K/W (R24)

26 Building Envelope Simple Trade Off – Option 2 –Example: Allow 1 decorative Window (2 m² with a U = 2.6) –Existing Case Assemblies Area R-value =125.5 W/K –Wall 200 m² 3.24 m²K/W (R22) –Window40 m² 0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6) : R ≥ 0.38 m²K/W : U ≤ 2.6 W/m²K –Desired Case Assemblies Area R-value≤ 125 W/K –Wall 66 m² 3.24 m²K/W (R22) –Window38 m² 0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6) –Window2 m² 0.38 m²K/W (U=2.6) –Wall132 m²3.43 m²K/W (R24)

27 Simple Trade Off Option 3 Example: Trading Window Area for Reduced Attic Insulation –Existing Case (FDWR = 12%) Assemblies Area R-value=38.6 W/K –Attic 100 m² 6.99 m²K/W (R40) –Window18 m² 0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6) –Reference Case (FDWR = 17%) Assemblies Area R-value=54.31 W/K –Attic 100 m² 6.99 m²K/W (R40) –Window25 m² 0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6) –Benchmark Case (FDWR = 17%) Assemblies Area R-value –Attic 100 m² ??? m²K/W (???) –Window18 m² 0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6)

28 Simple Trade Off Option 3 Example: Trading Window Area for Reduced Attic Insulation –Existing Case (FDWR = 12%) Assemblies Area R-value=38.6 W/K –Attic 100 m² 6.99 m²K/W (R40) –Window18 m² 0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6) –Reference Case (FDWR = 17%) Assemblies Area R-value=54.31 W/K –Attic 100 m² 6.99 m²K/W (R40) –Window25 m² 0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6) –Benchmark Case (FDWR = 17%) Assemblies Area R-value=54.31 W/K –Attic 100 m² 3.92 m²K/W (R22) –Window18 m² 0.63 m²K/W (U=1.6)

29 Reaching ERS 80 Validation –In Progress using HOT2000 V 10.5 –Preliminary Results Modeled All 11 houses … without HRV 2 Climate Zones –Addressing Issues Slab-on-grade Cathedral ceiling –Not reached ERS 80 Implications will be communicated to the CCBFC

30 Reaching ERS 80 Energy improvement –From ERS 72 to 78 Reduction in total energy use: 29% Reduction in space heating alone:41% –From ERS 72 – ERS 80 Reduction in total energy use: 35% Reduction in space heating alone:53% –From ERS 78 – ERS 80 Reduction in total energy use: 9% Reduction in space heating alone:18% (Based on 6500 houses in NRCan Ecoenergy database, not energuide homes and not retrofited. Built 2005 to 2010)

31 Reaching ERS 80 Discussions on how to close the gap from current proposal –Options for reaching ERS 80 (with 2.5 ACH) 19.2” or 24” framing for min requirements Exterior insulating sheathing on the walls 94% efficiency furnaces (etc) HRV mandatory Higher HRV efficiencies Grey water heat recovery Basement insulation, Addressing insulation under floors (crawl spaces, walk-outs) –Options for reaching ERS 80 with 1.5 ACH blower door test mandatory