ANCIENT EGYPT BY MICHAELA KIRKER

A T IMELINE OF A NCIENT E GYPTIAN H ISTORY Early settlers People began to settle in the Nile valley in about 7000 B.C.. They fertilized the land, kept animals, and built permanent homes on the side of the Nile river. Narmer Narmer (also known as Menes) was the first Egyptian pharaoh to conquer and rule over Upper and Lower Egypt.

H IEROGLYPHIC Hieroglyphic writing Hieroglyphic writing Hieroglyphic was one of the first completed writing to be used in ancient Egypt. The ancient Egyptians used it for more than 3500 years to record important information that was needed.The Egyptian writing had more than 700 hieroglyphs.

P YRAMID First stone pyramid The first stone pyramid that was built in ancient Egypt was the 'Step Pyramid'. The Step Pyramid was built at Saqqara for the pharaoh Djoser. It was made by the building several 'steps' or layers of stone on top of each other.Saqqara

P YRAMIDS OF G IZA Pyramids of Giza Khufu's pyramid was the largest of the three stone pyramids of Giza witch was built for the pharaoh Khufu (called Cheops by the Greeks). It stands about 147 meters high and its estimated weight is about 6,500,000 tons. Giza Khafra's pyramid The second of the three pyramids of Giza was built for the pharaoh Khafra (called Chephren by the Greeks). It was built on the higher ground than Khufu's pyramid, so it looks taller than Khufu's pyramid, but it is actually smaller.

T HE G REAT S PHINX The Great Sphinx is a large statue made out of stone. It is located near Khafra's pyramid on the Giza plateau. The Great Sphinx has the body of a lion but the head of a human. The Great Sphinx Menkaura's pyramid The smallest of the three pyramids at Giza was built for the king Menkaura (called Mycerinus by the Greeks).

V ARIOUS K INGS Various kings In about 2200 B.C. the government in ancient Egypt collapsed and many people fought to become the ruler of ancient Egypt. For about 150 years, Upper and Lower Egypt had different rulers.

A LEXANDER THE G REAT Alexander the Great coin Alexander the Great ( B.C.) came from Macedonia. Alexander had conquered much of Greece and the Levant by the time he was about 20 years old. In 332 B.C. Alexander conquered Egypt.MacedoniaLevant He founded the city of Alexandria on the Mediterranean coast, then left Egypt to continue his battles in the Near East. Alexander conquered territories as far east as India. However, in 323 B.C. he died of a fever.Near East

R OSETTA S TONE Rosetta Stone In 196 B.C. this stele was carved with an agreement between a group of priests and the Egyptian government. It was written in three different scripts that were used in ancient Egypt at that time: hieroglyphic, demotic and ancient Greek.stelescripts Rosetta Stone This stone was found in A.D.1799 by one of Napoleon's soldiers working in the town of Rosetta (Rashid).Rosetta (Rashid)

K ING TUT King tut had four small coffins to hold his internal organs. his real name is Tutukahamen. He died when he was about 19 years old. He started to rule when he was about 10. They found his father though DNA. They took the DNA from King Tut’s leg.

F UN FACTS ON E GYPT One of the Egyptian leaders kept hippos as pets. Egyptian people worshiped more than 2,000 gods and goddesses. Cleopatra ruled Egypt but was actually Greek ! Pharaohs wore fake beards made out of goat hair. Egyptian doctors use honey to treat patients a lot.

SOURCES National Geographic kids King Tut Exhibit at the Houston Museum of Fine Arts Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org) Ancient Egypt for kids (egypt.mrdonn.org) A Time Line of Ancient Egyptian History (ancientegypt.co.uk)