Develop a Solution Plan (Project Scheduling)

Tools of the Trade Schedule Formats Gantt ChartsGantt Charts PERT/CPM ChartsPERT/CPM Charts DSM (design structure matrix)DSM (design structure matrix) Software:Software: Microsoft Project Minuteman Project Harvard Project

Three Phases Execution (preliminary design) Design Verification Conclusion (performance monitoring)

Schedule Formats Gantt Chart List of project tasks Start and stop dates Show project status & slippage Does not show direct interrelationships of tasks

Schedule Formats Gantt Chart

Schedule Formats PERT / CPM Chart Program Evaluation & Review Technique Critical Path Method List of major tasks Shows graphically interrelated aspects Disadvantage is that start and end dates are not shown.

Schedule Formats PERT / CPM Chart

Schedule Formats Design Structure Matrix Chart Listed order that tasks must be executed in Sequential dependencies Find tasks that are: sequential group tasks parallel group tasks coupled group tasks

Design Structure Matrix Chart sequential group tasks

Design Structure Matrix Chart parallel group tasks

Design Structure Matrix Chart coupled group tasks

Design Structure Matrix Chart

Schedule Formats Bottleneck Issues New areas of technologies Need new equipment or processes Custom components Long lead times Accurately can project be prototyped Outside vendor or agency

General Scheduling Procedures Break down to subprojects Determine time for each subproject Determine activities that must be completed in series Assemble complete schedule

The Design Process Divide and conquerDivide and conquer Preliminary design issuesPreliminary design issues Enhancing creativityEnhancing creativity The initial designThe initial design Design considerationsDesign considerations Circuit simulation softwareCircuit simulation software Software developmentSoftware development

Divide and Conquer Define the functional requirements List operational requirements Break down to subprojects

Schedule Formats Gantt Chart List of project tasks Start and stop dates Show project status & slippage Does not show direct interrelationships of tasks

Divide and Conquer Define the functional requirements List operational requirements Break down to subprojects

Divide and Conquer Functional Requirements (tape recorder) Power on / off Insert & eject cassette tape Play tapes Fast forward Rewind Pause Record stop Adjust sound levels

Divide and Conquer Block Diagram

Enhancing creativity Gather information Define the problem Subconscious mind List ideas in categories Combining – modifying ideas Edit ideas by excluding

Preliminary Design Issues Technology Selection Production Costs Volume of Manufacture Capabilities of Manufacture Manufacturing Cost Budget

Technology Selection Through-Hole Technology

Easy to Breadboard & Prototype Assembly In-house Easily repaired Larger board size Low volume production

Technology Selection Surface-mount Technology

Small board size Low assembly costs Need special assembly equipment High volume production Power dissipation ?

Enhancing creativity Gather information Define the problem Subconscious mind List ideas in categories Combining – modifying ideas Edit ideas by excluding

Design Considerations Block diagram / function

Design Considerations Circuit Solutions

Enhancing creativity Design Considerations Ambient temperature EMI Immunity Shielding Grounding Impedance matching Physical orientation Generated EMI Levels

Design Considerations Grounding

Design Considerations Grounding Isolation

Concept Selection Selection Matrix (Pugh concept selection method) Prepare the selection matrix Rate the concepts Rank the concepts Combine & improve the concept Select one concept Reflect on results

Selection Matrix

Selection Matrix Power Source

Circuit Simulation Software Type of analysis available Functional complexity and ease of use Ability to output schematic to PCB Number devices available Allowable circuit complexity

Circuit Simulation Software Analysis DC Sweep AC Sweep Transient Fourier Noise Distortion Sensitivity Temperature sweep Parameter Transfer function Worst-Case Monte Carlo

Software Design Meet functional objectives Operate reliably Small memory space Operate fast as possible

Software Design Flow Charts

Define the Problem Study the problem and list as many facts as possible to fully define the problem Completing the design specifications Set Objectives Outcome is a set of specifications

Develop Design Specifications Define the Problem Specifications are a formal document listing the requirements of a project Define details that must be met Can be used as a guide in future projects Market Specifications

Develop Design Specifications Specification Format General description Performance Power requirements Packaging Environmental Operation Project and production cost Agency approvals Special requirements

Develop Design Specifications Packaging Mechanical size limits Environmental rating Shape Material Human engineering aspects

Develop Design Specifications Environmental Ambient temperature Humidity Vibration Shock Electromagnetic interference (EMI) –Immunity –emissions

Develop Design Specifications Manufacturing Cost Goal Total cost of purchased parts Labor cost to manufacture Manufacturing overhead The projected costs should be stated at the volume of manufacture for the costs

Develop Design Specifications Software Outline of the planned method of software operation All operations that involve the end user All operations that involve the hardware Flow charts ( top level ) Flow charts ( sublevel operations )