Chapter 2 Section 3 Spain in America Day 1: Central America How and why did the Spanish to conquer the Incas and Aztecs?
Do Now: Add to the web on the board, “ Why Spain explored the Americas”
European Explorer and Conquerors Conquistadors: – Searched for gold (they had heard many rumors) – Were given authority to explore and establish settlements – 1/5 of whatever gold they found would go to Spain
Conquest of Mexico and Peru Two very rich nations in the Americas – The Aztec (what is now Mexico) – The Inca (what is now Peru)
Cortes and the Aztecs 1519 Conquistador, Hernan Cortes landed in Mexico. Within two years he conquered the Aztecs and seized all their gold - VideoVideo Questions: – How do you think he did this? – What were his advantages? – What effect did this have on future expeditions?
Pizarro and the Incas 1527, Conquistador Francisco Pizarro sets out to conquer the Incas successfully. – Inspired by Cortes’ success – Conquered the Incan empire and gained its wealth – Video Video
Why Spain was successful Come up with a hypothesis as to why such a small force of only a few hundred men could conquer a highly developed civilization of several million people. Share your hypothesis by adding to the web on the board
Why Spain was successful Spanish Advantages – Shock and awe Weapons the Aztecs had never seen – Guns and cannons/ steel armor Animals they had never seen – Horses and dogs – Alliances Cortes recruited local tribes who disliked the Aztec (the Aztec had dominated them/ demanded sacrifices from them – Disease Native Americans had no immunity to European diseases such as smallpox Millions died from coming in contact with these germs
Spain in North America How might have Cortes and Pizarro influenced Spanish exploration of North America?
Closure (Day 1) Left side open ended response: (and share) How and why did the Spanish conquer the Incas and Aztecs?
Spain in the Americas: Day 2 (North America) How did Spanish desire for wealth affect their relationship with Native Americans?
Do Now: Write a paragraph hypothesizing how you think the success of Pizarro and Cortes inspired further exploration in other areas.
Spain in North America Juan Ponce de Leon – Looking for: Gold RUMORED to have been searching for Fountain of Youth “A spring of running water of such marvelous virtue that drinking it makes men young again.” Many historians debate this fact and say that this is a myth. – His search led to the Spanish settlement of Florida youth-fail_o_ gif
The Seven Cities of Gold There were more rumors of rich cities, specifically seven of them, north of Mexico. Why do you think these rumors came about? These rumors inspired other explorers, namely, Hernando de Soto and Francisco Vasquez de Coronado.
Hernando de Soto Explored from Florida to what is now Oklahoma in search of rich cities. Never found them. Mapped this region. -mapmap
Francisco Coronado Explored what is now Southwest US in search of gold. Found no gold. Mapped the region.- mapmap
Three types of Spanish Settlements Pueblos – Small trading towns Missions – Religious communities (designed for conversion of NA people) Presidio – A type of fort built near a mansion
Generate 3 Q’s about pic
The Spanish and Native Americans What was purpose of setting up settlements? – GOLD $$$$$$$$$ Spanish conquistadors were given authority to set up settlements – They were also given authority to demand from NAs TAXES FORCED LABOR
Gold and Native Americans – Turned into a form of slavery especially when it came to mining metals (silver/ gold) or farming Many died from forced labor Later laws were passed to outlaw enslaving NA (1542) but not these laws were not always enforced
Farming and Native Americans Not all Spanish sought mining and gold. Others tried to make money from farming. – Spanish population low. Farming needs a lot of workers. – So they used the NA (forced labor) – This was known as the “Plantation system” and is a system which tends to use slaves First used NA Later suggested African slaves
Effect on NA Life How do you think Native Americans will begin to view the Spanish and Europeans in general?
Closure: – Write a journal entry as a young Native American in Santa Fe. What is your experience of the Spanish? What was life like before? After? Address the following: – Farming/ mining – Religious conversion – Conditions of forced labor