 Read pages 292-301. Answer questions 1-4 on page 301. Due Monday.

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 Read pages Answer questions 1-4 on page 301. Due Monday.

June 6, 2014

A. Swept down from the Eastern steppe (dry grasslands) north of China. B. Nomadic herdsmen C. Skilled horsemen D. Traveled in clans (groups that had a common ancestor) E. Why do the Mongols have the potential to be great warriors? How did the people of China view the Mongols?

A. Given name: Temujin B. Wants to unite the Mongol clans under his leadership C. 1206: Recognized as the major leader(khan) of all the clans. Takes the title of Genghis Khan (universal ruler). Has total control of the Eastern steppe.

D. Spreads his power / expands his territory. Takes over the Jin Empire in northern China, then moves into SW Asia (including present day Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Northern Iran).

E. How did Genghis Khan conquer over half the world? 1. Brilliant Organizer (armies of 10,000, with 1,000 man brigades, 100 men companies, 10 men platoons). 2. Gifted Strategist 3. Adopted new weapons and technologies 4. Use of psychological tactics and terror F. Genghis dies in 1227

A. After Genghis Khan’s death, Mongol power continues to spread through Central Asia, Persia, the Arab Empire and Russia. The Mongol Empire is divided into four khanates, each one ruled by one of Genghis’ sons or grandsons.

A. Grandson of Genghis Khan. Conquers the Song Dynasty in China in 1279 B. Establishes the Yuan Dynasty ( ). First time all of China has been united in 300 years.

C. Relationship with the Chinese 1. Toleration: 2. Limited cultural exchange:

D. Government 1. Mongols keep Chinese system of government. 2. Chinese only allowed to hold low or local positions, highest positions went to Mongols and Muslims/Christians from the west. 3. Civil Service exams abolished.

E. Land, Taxes and Trade 1. Land is confiscated from peasants and given to Mongol military leaders. 2. Central government collects taxes once a year. 3. But trade and outside contact flourish: Grand Canal is restored and expanded, foreign merchants settle in China, Silk Road reaches new heights.

F. Kublai will establish a permanent capital in Beijing, which he will rename Khanbaliq. 1. Venetian trader Marco Polo will serve Khan for 17 years, record the prosperity of this city.