Engines How they work. A spark plug is used to ignite the fuel in an engine.

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Presentation transcript:

Engines How they work

A spark plug is used to ignite the fuel in an engine

Piston Valves Crankshaft

THE FUEL GOES IN SPARK IGNITES THE EXPLOSION FORCES THE PISTON DOWN Engines produce power RPM Revolutions per minute Torque The energy produced on each cycle of the engine

Fuel in EXHAUST OUT 4 - cycle engine

PISTON CONFIGURATION 4 CYLINDER 4 cylinder 6 cylinder 8 cylinder

BASIC ENGINE TYPES 2- STROKE 4- STROKE

Engine Types 2- Stroke 4- Stroke OIL & GAS MIX OIL GAS

2 Stroke Engines Oil & Gas mixed 1 Gallon

2 -Stroke ENGINES USED IN : Chain Saws Weed Eaters

2 - Stroke Engines Oil & Gas mixed together Notice There are no valves

LAWN MOWERS Use the right fuel for the engine your are running LOOK AT GAS CAP 710 Fuel Type ?

WARNING: Never put gas only in a 2-Stroke engine. THAT WOULD BE BAD NEWS!

Two types of fuel GASOLINE DIESEL GAS

Diesel engines burn Diesel fuel Gas engines burn Gasoline for fuel

GASOLINE ENGINES Good for cars Easier starting DIESEL ENGINES Good for long hauls, heavy trucks & machines Difficult to start in cold weather

Diesel fuel will jell up during cold weather. Makes for hard starting. “Plug in heaters are used to keep the engine warm overnite …….. BLANKET

WHAT’S SO SPECIAL ABOUT A DIESEL ENGINE ? Runs for long periods of time More power

VEHICLES USING DIESEL ENGINES

Diesel Bus

V-8 DIESEL ENGINE

DIESEL TRAIN

HEAVY EQUIPMENT

Low octane High octane Economy carsHigh horsepower Gasoline Cars

Octane describes the burn rate of the fuel The higher the octane, the smoother the fuel will burn, however it will cost more. 87 Octane91 Octane89 Octane Econo Fuel octane ratings

Nascar engines run on 117 high octane gas Known as racing fuel

Nitro- methane Extremely HIGH OCTANE

Dragster Nitro-fuel BURNING FUEL

Ethanol: Made from corn Methanol: Made from wood

Indy-Cars Use ethanol- fuel made from corn

Indiana Corn

One bushel of corn will make 3 gallons of ethanol fuel

It will take 60 bushels of corn for an Indy-Car to go 500 miles.

One semi will hold 1,000 bushels of corn

Ethanol E % ethanol 90 % gas E % ethanol 15 % gas

85 % Alcohol

Will burn all mixtures of gas and alcohol On board computer monitors the type of fuel being used ….. ECM

½ Gas ½ Electric

Bio - Fuels Using grain like corn and soybeans or vegetable oils mixed with diesel fuel

Fuel cells Convert hydrogen gas to electricity

McLaren P 1.. Speed 240 MPH Made in England … basic production

Supercar

Economy High performance

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

1. WHERE ARE 2-CYCLE ENGINES USED ? A. LARGE TRUCKS B. SMALL MACHINES C. RACE CARS

B. SMALL MACHINES

2. WHAT ENGINE NEEDS TO HAVE OIL & GAS MIXED ? A. 2- CYCLE ENGINE B. 4- STROKE ENGINE C. V- 8 ENGINE

A. 2-CYCLE

3. WHAT TYPE OF FUEL DOES A NASCAR ENGINE BURN ? A. METHANOL B. HIGH OCTANE GAS C. DIESEL

B.HIGH OCTANE GAS Racing Fuel

4. WHAT PART OF THE ENGINE PROVIDES THE FIRE TO IGNITE THE FUEL ? A. INTAKE VALVE B. CARBURETOR C. SPARK PLUG

5. LARGE VEHICLES THAT RUN FOR LONG PERIODS OF TIME, USE WHAT KIND OF FUEL ? A. DIESEL B. METHANOL C. GASOLINE

A. DIESEL

6. WHAT TYPE OF FUEL DO INDY-CARS RUN ON ? A. NITRO-METHANE B. ETHANOL C. DIESEL

B. ETHANOL

7. WHAT TYPE OF FUEL DOES A DRAGSTER USE ? A. DIESEL B. GASOLINE C. NITRO-METHANE

C. NITRO METHANE

8. WHAT TYPE OF ENGINE WOULD BE USED IN THIS ? A. 2- CYCLE B. 4- STROKE C. DIESEL

A. 2- CYCLE Oil and Gas

9. MOST CARS ON THE ROAD TODAY USE WHAT KIND OF ENGINE ? A. 2- CYCLE B. 4 - STROKE C. DIESEL

B. 4- STROKE

10. HIGHER OCTANE FUELS DO WHAT ? A. BURNS FASTER B. BURNS WITHOUT EMISSIONS C. BURNS SMOOTHER

End